The invention discloses a tumor specimen storage device which comprises a base plate, a barrel and a supporting rod are arranged on the upper end face of the base plate, a movable cover with a taking-out hole is movably connected to the upper end of the barrel, a lifting device is arranged in the middle, located in the barrel, of the base plate, and a condensing device communicated with the barrel is arranged in the base plate. The cylinder body is composed of a plurality of storage cylinders and installation cylinders, the installation cylinders are movably connected between the adjacent storage cylinders, the supporting rods are provided with fixing rods connected with the outer walls of the storage cylinders and stop devices opposite to the installation cylinders, the inner walls of the installation cylinders are provided with corresponding wall-hanging groove blocks and wall-hanging through groove blocks, and the inner walls of the storage cylinders are provided with communicating grooves. A containing device corresponding to the lifting device is movably connected into the wall-mounted groove block. By arranging a plurality of rotary mounting cylinders, tumor specimens can be placed in multiple layers, the required tumor specimens can be selected in rotation through a single taking-out hole when the tumor specimens are taken out, and then other tumor specimens can be protected.