Functionalized long-chain hydrocarbon mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their use for the prevention or treatment of disease

Abstract

This invention provides compounds of Formulae (IA), (IB), (IC), (ID), (IE), (IF), (IG), (IH), (IJ), (IK), (IL), (II), (III), (IIIA), and (IIIB); pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof; and compositions thereof. This invention further provides methods for treating a disease, including but not limited to, liver disease or an abnormal liver condition; cancer (such as hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma); a malignant or benign tumor of the lung, liver, gall bladder, bile duct or digestive tract; an intra- or extra-hepatic bile duct disease; a disorder of lipoprotein; a lipid-and-metabolic disorder; cirrhosis; fibrosis; a disorder of glucose metabolism; a cardiovascular or related vascular disorder; a disease resulting from steatosis, fibrosis, or cirrhosis; a disease associated with increased inflammation (such as hepatic inflammation or pulmonary inflammation); hepatocyte ballooning; a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder; an ATP citrate lyase disorder; an acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase disorder; obesity; pancreatitis; or renal disease.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 16 / 937,154, filed Jul. 23, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 878,852, filed Jul. 26, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 901,739, filed Sep. 17, 2019, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention provides compounds of Formulae (IA), (IB), (IC), (ID), (IE), (IF), (IG), (IH), (IJ), (IK), (IL), (II), (III), (IIIA), and (IIIB), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, and compositions thereof. This invention further provides methods for preventing or treating a disease, including but not limited to, liver disease or an abnormal liver condition; cancer (such as hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma); a malignant or benign tumor of the lung, liver, gall bladder, bile duct or digestive tract; an intra- or extra-hepatic bile duct dise...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides methods for reducing the risk of developing atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, or restenosis in humans by administering a compound of the invention. Additionally, the invention reduces the fat or cholesterol content of livestock meat or poultry eggs by administering a compound of the invention.

Problems solved by technology

Current treatment options for treatment of type IIb hyperlipidemia are limited.

While statins can be effective for lowering LDL-C and reducing inflammation, they are generally not very effective for lowering triglyceride concentrations.

Further, high dose statin therapy is often not well tolerated because it can cause muscle pain (myalgia) and increase a patient's risk of serious muscle toxicity, such as rhabdomyolysis.

Also, commonly used triglyceride-lowering agents that are administered in combination with statins are often not well-tolerated.

When administered with statins, fibrates are known to have drug-drug interactions, resulting in increased statin blood drug levels, myalgia, an increased risk of muscle toxicity and an increased safety risk.

Indeed, the interaction of the statin Baychol (cerivastatin) with the fibrate gemfibrozil resulted in severe muscle toxicity and deaths and raised safety concerns that resulted in the removal of Baychol from the U.S. market.

Fish oil, which has been used to lower triglyceride levels, needs to be taken multiple times daily and can cause a fish oil aftertaste, burping or regurgitation.

These lesions pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and treatments post-exeresis are still challenging.

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