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Low-temperature fuel cell platinum-tin base anode catalyst

A technology of fuel cells and catalysts, which is applied in the directions of battery electrodes, catalyst activation/preparation, physical/chemical process catalysts, etc. It can solve the problems of poor electrochemical oxidation reaction activity and achieve uniform distribution

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-02-09
DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Abstract
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  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

In view of the similarity in the molecular structure of ethanol and methanol, some researchers directly transplanted the methanol anode catalyst into the electrocatalytic oxidation reaction of ethanol. For example, literature [3] and literature [4] directly used platinum ruthenium (PtRu) as the electrocatalyst for ethanol. Carry out catalyst mechanism and single cell research, but even when the operating temperature is as high as 145 ° C or even higher, the electrochemical oxidation reaction activity of ethanol on platinum ruthenium (PtRu) catalyst is worse than that of methanol, and platinum ruthenium (PtRu) is used as The maximum power density of the battery with the anode catalyst is only one-third of that of the direct methanol fuel cell

Method used

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Examples

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preparation Embodiment 1

[0045] Catalyst Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Platinum Tin Carbon (PtSn / C) (32PtSn%, Pt / Sn=1) Catalyst

[0046] Weigh 2 grams of activated carbon XC-72R and disperse it with 150 ml of ethylene glycol for 30 minutes with ultrasonic vibration to prepare carbon slurry. Measure 20 ml of chloroplatinic acid / ethylene glycol solution (29.5 mg platinum / ml) and 10 ml of tin tetrachloride ethanol solution (35 mg tin / ml) to mix, ultrasonically oscillate for 20 minutes and then drop into the carbon slurry After stirring for 4 hours with argon deoxygenation, 15 ml of 1.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide / ethylene glycol solution was added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 130°C for 4 hours after continuing to stir for 4 hours, then cooled to 25°C, and used 1.5 Mole / liter of dilute hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 2.5, after stirring for 6 hours, filter and wash, and vacuum dry overnight at 70°C. A catalyst of 20 wt.% platinum (Pt)-12 wt.% tin (Sn) was obtained. ...

preparation Embodiment 2

[0047] Catalyst Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Platinum Tin Ruthenium Carbon (PtSnRu / C) (42PtRu%, Pt / Sn / Ru=1) Catalyst

[0048] Activated carbon XC-72R was pre-treated with 5mol / L nitric acid solution, dried at 200°C for 4 hours, weighed 5.8 grams and dispersed with 400 ml of ethylene glycol for 30 minutes by ultrasonic oscillation to prepare carbon slurry. 5.4 grams of chloroplatinic acid (containing 2.0 grams of platinum) were dissolved in 50 milliliters of ethylene glycol, and 2.7 grams of ruthenium trichloride (containing 1.0 grams of ruthenium) were dissolved in 50 milliliters of tin chloride hydrochloric acid dilute solution (containing 1.2 grams of tin). A mixed solution of tin and ruthenium is formed. Add the tin-ruthenium mixed solution dropwise to the platinum solution, oscillate ultrasonically for 20 minutes and then transfer it to the carbon slurry. After argon deoxygenation and stirring for 5 hours, adjust the pH with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide / ethylene glyco...

preparation Embodiment 3

[0049] Catalyst Preparation Example 3: Preparation of Platinum Tin Carbon (PtSn / C) (26 PtSn%, Pt / Sn=2) Catalyst

[0050] A 21wt.% platinum-carbon (Pt / C) catalyst was used as a carrier, and then tin was loaded on it. Weigh 2 g of 21 wt.% platinum on carbon (Pt / C) and shake and disperse with 100 ml of ethylene glycol for 30 minutes to obtain a slurry mixture. Take 10 ml of ethanol solution of tin tetrachloride (12.7 mg tin / ml) and add it to the slurry mixture, deoxygenate with argon and stir for 2 hours, adjust the pH value to 13.5 with 1.0 mol / liter sodium hydroxide ethanol solution, and heat up to 120°C Keep it for 1 hour, then lower it to room temperature, add 150 ml of deionized water, adjust the pH value to 3 with dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stir for 1 hour, filter and wash, and vacuum dry overnight at 80°C. A catalyst of 20 wt.% platinum (Pt)-6 wt.% tin (Sn) was obtained. The results of transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction experiments show that t...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, and is especially one kind anode catalyst for proton exchange film type fuel cell to convert chemical energy into electric energy. When the catalyst is used in low temperature direct alcohol proton exchange film fuel cell, the low temperature fuel cell oxidizes alcohol directly into CO2 while releasing electrons to realize the high efficiency conversion from chemical energy to electric energy. The present invention adopts cheap tin for modulating noble metal catalyst platinum, and the direct alcohol fuel cell has obviously improved performance even if in case of reduced platinum anode carrying amount.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to fuel cell technology, in particular to a proton exchange membrane type fuel cell anode catalyst for converting chemical energy into electric energy. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution, no noise, etc., and have attracted much attention in recent years. In particular, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have higher power density than other types of fuel cells, and their biggest advantages are Low working temperature, quick start, wide working area, sensitive response, suitable for places with frequent start. It can be used to build distributed power stations, and can also be used as a mobile power source, which is suitable for military and civilian use. This type of fuel cell can not only use hydrogen as fuel, but also directly use fuel liquid, especially liquid fuel, without the need for intermediate conversion devices. Mobile power supplies,...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J37/00H01M4/90H01M4/92
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 辛勤周卫江宋树芹周振华李文震孙公权
Owner DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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