Method for recovering cobalt and lithium metals from waste lithium cobalt oxide battery

A technology of old lithium cobalt oxide and lithium metal, which is applied in the field of waste lithium ion battery treatment, can solve the problems of high consumption of acid and alkali and other chemical reagents, low selective extraction rate, and difficult disposal of waste liquid, achieving outstanding environmental benefits, Significant innovation, the effect of reducing reaction energy consumption

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-12-18
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0011] To sum up, the common problems currently faced in the extraction and recovery of valuable components in waste lithium-ion battery materials include: (1) The consumption of acid and alkali and other chemical reagents in the process of leaching and recovery is large, and the waste liquid generated is difficult to handle; (2) ) The energy consumption caused by high temperature conditions in the fire recovery process is large, and the selective extraction rate is low; (3) The process is long and the operation is complicated

Method used

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  • Method for recovering cobalt and lithium metals from waste lithium cobalt oxide battery

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Embodiment 1

[0041] A method for reclaiming cobalt and lithium metal from waste lithium cobalt oxide batteries, the specific steps are as follows:

[0042] (1) Immerse the waste lithium cobalt oxide battery (in the field of electronic communication) into a NaCl solution with a concentration of 10% for self-discharge treatment to prevent the explosion caused by the short circuit of the battery in subsequent operations, and the waste lithium cobalt oxide after the discharge is completed After the battery is manually disassembled or mechanically crushed, different parts including the positive electrode, negative electrode, diaphragm, and battery case are obtained. The positive electrode material is placed in a muffle furnace for calcination treatment. In an air atmosphere, the calcination temperature is 500°C and the calcination time is 2h. During the calcination process, the binder, conductive agent and electrolyte on the positive electrode material are pyrolyzed under high temperature condit...

Embodiment 2

[0046] A method for reclaiming cobalt and lithium metal from waste lithium cobalt oxide batteries, the specific steps are as follows:

[0047] (1) Immerse the waste lithium cobalt oxide battery (in the field of power vehicles) into a NaCl solution with a concentration of 20% for self-discharge treatment to prevent the explosion caused by the short circuit of the battery in subsequent operations, and the waste lithium cobalt oxide after the discharge is completed After the battery is manually disassembled or mechanically crushed, different parts including the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, and battery case are obtained. The positive electrode material is placed in a muffle furnace for calcination treatment. In an air atmosphere, the calcination temperature is 600°C and the calcination time is 3h. During the calcination process, the binder, conductive agent and electrolyte on the positive electrode material are pyrolyzed under high temperature conditions, and ...

Embodiment 3

[0051] A method for reclaiming cobalt and lithium metal from waste lithium cobalt oxide batteries, the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] (1) Immerse the waste lithium cobalt oxide battery (infrastructure field) in a NaCl solution with a concentration of 30% for self-discharge treatment to prevent the explosion caused by the short circuit of the battery in subsequent operations. After the discharge is completed, the waste lithium cobalt oxide After the battery is manually disassembled or mechanically crushed, different parts including the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, and battery case are obtained. The positive electrode material is placed in a muffle furnace for calcination treatment. The calcination temperature is 650 ° C and the calcination time is 4 hours in an air atmosphere. During the calcination process, the binder, conductive agent and electrolyte on the positive electrode material are pyrolyzed under high temperature conditions, and the lithi...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for recovering cobalt and lithium metals from a waste lithium cobalt oxide battery. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) carrying out discharge treatment on the waste lithium cobalt oxide battery, and carrying out disassembly, crushing, pyrolysis and screening to obtain black lithium cobalt oxide powder; (2) mixing the black lithium cobalt oxide powder obtained in the step (1) with ammonium salt according to a molar ratio of 1: (1.5-4), putting the mixture into a high-temperature ball mill for enhanced ammonia process roasting to convert the lithium cobalt oxide into sulfate, performing water leaching to obtain a leaching solution rich in Co < 2 + > and Li < + >, recycling ammonia gas generated in the process, and recycling andreusing the ammonia gas in the form of ammonium sulfate; and (3) selectively recovering cobalt and lithium components from the leaching solution rich in Co < 2 + > and Li < + > obtained in the step (2), recovering cobalt by using an organic extracting agent, recovering lithium in residual liquid by using a precipitation method, and recovering the lithium in the form of lithium carbonate. The method meets the requirements of environmental protection, low consumption, high efficiency and short-process recovery of valuable metals from the waste lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a treatment method for waste lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for recovering cobalt and lithium metals from waste lithium cobalt oxide batteries. Background technique [0002] In recent years, due to energy shortage and environmental protection requirements, the transformation and development of chemical fuel energy to new energy has been promoted. Therefore, lithium-ion batteries have developed rapidly since their commercialization in 1991. Compared with commonly used lead-acid batteries, nickel-copper batteries and other traditional batteries, lithium-ion batteries have higher theoretical capacity and volumetric energy density, and also have long working hours, high safety performance, no memory effect, and environmental friendliness. series of advantages, so it can be widely used as an excellent energy storage device in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, computers, digital cameras, power batteries a...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B1/06C22B7/00C22B26/12C22B23/00C22B3/38H01M10/54
CPCC22B1/06C22B7/006C22B23/0407C22B23/0453C22B26/12C22B3/3842C22B3/3844C22B3/3846H01M10/54Y02W30/84Y02P10/20
Inventor 赵青李文杰刘承军尹华意梅孝辉都基军姜茂发
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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