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Method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus

A technology of brassica napus and linolenic acid, which is applied in the fields of crop genetics and breeding and agricultural applications, can solve the problems of low linolenic acid content, low seed setting rate, and only "two years and one ripening", so as to increase the content of linolenic acid and achieve results Accurate and reliable, the effect of shortening the breeding cycle

Pending Publication Date: 2020-08-14
陕西省杂交油菜研究中心
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
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  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The disadvantages of reducing the content of linolenic acid in rapeseed are becoming more and more obvious: based on the fact that linolenic acid is easy to oxidize and cause oil rancidity, the shelf life of rapeseed (oil) can be extended after the reduction, and the generation of soot during high-temperature cooking can be reduced. Breeders in Canada and other countries have proposed "high-oil Acid and low linolenic acid"—the content of oleic acid (C18:1) increased from 60%-65% to more than 85%, and the content of linolenic acid (C18:3) decreased from 8%-9% to less than 3%, but practice shows that the reduction Linolenic acid did not achieve the desired effect: 1) Low linolenic acid leads to a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acid content in rapeseed (oil), and a decrease in nutritional value
2) Low linolenic acid and high oleic acid have a significant impact on the growth potential and agronomic traits of rapeseed: high oleic acid and extra high oleic acid rapeseed (oleic acid content is 86% and 89% respectively) mutant plants will have some nutrients such as Slow body growth, flower bud death, low seed setting rate, low cold tolerance (Kinney A, 1994; Miquel, 1993); seed germination and hypocotyl elongation (Wang, et al., 2010; Becker, et al., 2011), reduced yield (Becker, et al. 2011) and other unfavorable performance
[0010] 4. Effectively alleviate the shortage of linolenic acid resources. In recent years, the concept of health has greatly increased the demand for linolenic acid in public consumption, but the content of linolenic acid in daily food is generally very small; linolenic acid mainly exists in plants and aquatic organisms in alpine regions. Its biological resources are relatively scarce. At present, it is mainly obtained by killing a large number of fish in the Arctic Ocean and the high-latitude seas of Antarctica; the yield and quality are unstable due to the influence of seasons and climates. At the same time, the number of marine fish caused by overfishing has decreased sharply. Resource output is increasingly limited (Ni Yu, 2003; Li Xianhui et al., 2016)
[0016] 3. Affected by many factors, the linolenic acid content of rapeseed is difficult to be stable in actual production. The continuous inheritance of fatty acid synthesis in vegetable oils is an overall system approach. The synthesis process of linolenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and erucic acid is closely related.
[0017] 4. Long growth period The high linolenic acid germplasm with stable inheritance has a long growth period: winter rape is a multi-year crop with a growth period of more than 200 days, which can only be "2 years and 1 ripe" in the field; the growth period of spring rape 90-140 days, in the field, it can only be "one ripening per year"; the stability of rapeseed linolenic acid traits and the homozygosity of genes require 5-6 generations of breeding. Therefore, under normal conditions, it takes 5-6 years. It takes even longer for selective breeding to obtain genetically stable rapeseed high linolenic acid germplasm
Rapeseed with high linolenic acid breeding is a new type of breeding based on high-yield and high-oil breeding. It involves many factors and involves a wide range of areas. It is still in the exploratory stage. standard

Method used

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  • Method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus
  • Method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus
  • Method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0104] Embodiment 1: as figure 2 , the breeding process of rapeseed high linolenic acid germplasm "Chunshan 2B / 9905" (quoted from 11Cy1063):

[0105] 1. Screening of winter rapeseed area: screening for linolenic acid content of No. 14GH687. The method is:

[0106] 1.1 Field primary selection: 1) Plant 4 rows (80-100 plants) of each material in the winter rape area (Yangling) in 2014; (2015) select 10-15 uniform individual plants for self-bagging at the flowering stage, When mature, select disease-free self-bred individual plants to harvest; at the same time, select 10-15 normal mature individual plants. 2) Threshing, weighing, and laboratory analysis of the harvested self-crossed and selected plants. 3) According to the test analysis results, select the linolenic acid content > 11.5%, the oil content > 45%, the yield per plant > 20g, the linolenic acid output per plant > 1.05g, linoleic acid + linolenic acid > 35%, linoleic acid The three excellent ones with acid / linoleni...

Embodiment 2

[0137] Example 2 The overall linolenic acid content of rapeseed germplasm resources is significantly improved

[0138] 1. The average linolenic acid content of rapeseed germplasm increased significantly: from image 3 It can be seen that the mean value of linolenic acid content in rapeseed germplasm gradually increased during the screening process; after 7 consecutive generations of screening, the mean value of linolenic acid content in rapeseed germplasm increased significantly; The average linolenic acid content of rapeseed germplasm in the region increased from 7.21%±1.05% to 10.41%±1.44%, an increase of 3.29 percentage points, that is, the average value increased by 46.21%. The average linolenic acid content of rapeseed germplasm in the spring rapeseed area increased from 8.26%±1.45% to 11.36%±1.63%, an increase of 3.10 percentage points, that is, the average value increased by 37.53%.

[0139] 2. The percentage rate of germplasm with higher linolenic acid content increas...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus. The method comprises the following steps of (1) expanding phenotypic variation of linolenicacid by utilizing a plurality of different ecological environments in winter and spring; (2) establishing different screening indexes according to different screening environments and generations; (3)performing comprehensive screening on the linolenic acid yield and the fatty acid composition to quickly obtain the high linolenic acid germplasm; (4) screening agronomic and quality characters whilescreening linolenic acid by utilizing a method of combining selfing and plant selection, so as to improve the comprehensive characters of the high linolenic acid germplasm; and (5) performing geneticstability analysis and quantitative evaluation on the many-year and multi-point results, so as to obtain the genetically stable high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus. The method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of quantifiability and mechanical repeatability, can meet the screening requirements of the high linolenic acid germplasm of brassica napus, and can also enrichand complete the brassica napus breeding method; and meanwhile, beneficial reference can be provided for the development of fatty acid improvement work of other crops.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop genetic breeding and agricultural application, and in particular relates to a method for efficiently screening high linolenic acid germplasm of Brassica napus. Background technique [0002] Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in China, with an annual planting area of ​​120 million mu, which can provide about 4 million tons of edible oil per year (accounting for 50% of China's total self-produced vegetable oil), and plays a very important role in the national economy. The quality of rapeseed oil has an important effect on the healthy consumption of oils and fats in China (Yin Yan, et al., 2010). Rapeseed (oil) mainly contains palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3) and Erucic acid (C22:1) and other fatty acids. With the improvement of awareness and the needs of human nutrition and health, consumers have higher require...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/04
CPCA01H1/04
Inventor 张耀文李殿荣田建华侯君莉张文学董育红赵小光韦世豪
Owner 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心
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