Mesoporous activated carbon material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides mesoporous activated carbon. The mesoporous activated carbon is obtained by activating an activated carbon raw material through a template method and an alkali activation method. An activated carbon material is prepared by using a combination of the template method and the chemical alkali activation method; a template agent is added in the process of preparing the activatedcarbon through chemical activation; a carbon source generates a large number of holes in alkali-activated pore-forming process, and an alkali activator can etch and remove the template agent in the high-temperature pore-forming process so as to allow a large number of nanometer pore diameters similar to the particle size of the template agent to be generated; and a part of mesopores become macropores due to the etching effect of alkali. According to the invention, the specific surface area of the activated carbon can be adjusted according to the proportion of the activator, an independent activating process is not needed, complex technological processes are reduced, the template does not need to be removed through hydrofluoric acid, environmental pollution is reduced, and production is facilitated. The mesoporous activated carbon provided by the invention has developed mesopores and larger specific surface area; preparation process is simplified; cost is reduced; environmental protection is realized; and the mesoporous activated carbon is more suitable for popularization and application in industrial large-scale production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mesoporous activated carbon materials, and in particular relates to a mesoporous activated carbon material and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Activated carbon is black powder or block, granular, honeycomb amorphous carbon, and there are also regularly arranged crystalline carbon. In addition to carbon elements, activated carbon also contains two types of admixtures: one is chemically combined elements, mainly oxygen and hydrogen, these elements are left in the carbon due to incomplete carbonization, or in the activation process, foreign Non-carbon elements are chemically combined with the surface of activated carbon; another type of admixture is ash, which is the inorganic part of activated carbon, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. The activated carbon material has a porous structure, a large specific surface area, and has good adsorption capacity for gase...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, conventional chemical activation requires lower temperature and high activation yield. The specific surface area of ​​activated carbon is regulated by selecting a suitable activator and controlling the reaction conditions. Developed activated carbon is more difficult

Although the physical activation method is simple and the post-treatment is simple, it consumes a lot of energy, and it is more difficult to control the specific surface and pore size of activated carbon; the template method is mainly divided into soft template method and hard template method. The pore structure of activated carbon, but the block copolymer used in the soft template method is more expensive, and the prepared mesoporous carbon has a lower pore volume, which limits the popularization and application of this method; while the hard template method adopts specific pores. Structure materials (silicon dioxide, zeolite, etc.) are used as templates, and carbon precursors are filled in the template pores, and mesoporous carbons are obtained by carbonization and removal of templates, but the process is cumbersome and costly. Hydrofluoric acid used to remove silicon oxide templates Strong corrosiveness and volatility, easy to pollute the environment, difficult to achieve large-scale production

In addition, the activated carbon material prepared by the template method faces the same problem. The specific surface area of ​​activated carbon is not high, and with the increase of the mesoporosity of activated carbon, the specific surface area of ​​activated carbon will decrease significantly, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of both.

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