Light reusable thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a light reusable thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The thermal insulation material comprises an anti-scouring matrix material and an ablative composite material which is compounded with the anti-scouring matrix material and comprises an ablative resin, a gel curing agent and an ablative filler, wherein the anti-scouring matrix material comprisesan anti-scouring prefabricated body and a ceramic base body compounded with the anti-scouring prefabricated body, and the anti-scouring prefabricated body comprises an upper fiber prefabricated bodylayer, a lower fiber prefabricated body layer and a middle fiber base body layer. The method comprises the following steps: combining an upper fiber prefabricated body layer, a lower fiber prefabricated body layer and a middle fiber matrix layer to prepare an anti-scouring prefabricated body, and then compounding the anti-scouring prefabricated body with a ceramic matrix to prepare an anti-scouring matrix material; impregnating the anti-scouring matrix material with an ablative composite material mixed solution; and sequentially carrying out gelatinization and solidification on the anti-scouring matrix material to obtain the thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material has the advantages of being excellent in ablation thermal insulation performance, high in shape maintaining capacity and capable of being repeatedly used.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat-proof material preparation, and in particular relates to a lightweight and reusable heat-proof material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] When the re-entry spacecraft flies in the atmosphere, the outer surface of the vehicle is subjected to high airflow erosion, and the temperature is as high as 2000-10000°C. The high-efficiency ablation heat absorption / heat insulation integrated system must be used to protect the vehicle from heat. [0003] Traditional ablation materials (including low density and high density) use phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. Compounded with agents or reinforcing materials. Under high aerodynamic heat flow, heat is absorbed through surface ablation, so as to maintain the lower surface material below a certain temperature and ensure the structural stability of the lower surface material. However, the amoun...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the amount of ablation of this type of material is too large in the working environment, and the thermal conductivity after ablation is large, which cannot further prevent heat flow transfer, so that the long-term ablation / heat insulation performance of the material cannot be exerted; and due to glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt Cotton, glass microspheres and other reinforcing materials or fillers are prone to fall off and peel off after ablation, and it is difficult for such materials to maintain the aerodynamic shape of ablation / insulation materials

In addition, the current traditional ablative materials are disposable ablative materials, which obviously cannot be applied to reusable spacecraft

[0004] Chinese patent application 201310360892.1 discloses a micro-ablation thermal insulation material, which is prepared by ablative resin material and rigid thermal insulation material. However, the density of the material is relatively high, and after the ablation resin material contained in the material is ablated, the bearing capacity is low, so it is difficult to ensure the safety of the internal structure of the aircraft during long-term flight, and it is also impossible to for aircraft reuse

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