Alloy nanoparticles, preparation method and applications thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses alloy nanoparticles, a preparation method and applications thereof. According to the method, a metal precursor loaded on a substrate is rapidly reduced at a high temperature, wherein the metal is rapidly nucleated to avoid the generation of the split-phase alloy so as to form the alloy nanoparticles with ultra-small particle size; and by controlling the types of the metal salts in the precursor, the components in the alloy nanoparticles can be effectively regulated. According to the present invention, the FeCoPtPdIr@GO (FeCoPtPdIr alloy particles are loaded on the surface of graphene oxide) prepared in the embodiments of the invention shows excellent electrochemical hydrolysis hydrogen production performance, can stably operate for 150 h under a condition of 10 mA.cm<-2>, has excellent electrochemical stability, and has the Faraday efficiency of 99.4%, wherein the eta 10 of the product of the present invention is equal to 42 mV, and far exceeds the eta 10 of thecommercial Pt / C of 64 mV (the smaller the eta 10, the better the electrochemical hydrolysis hydrogen production performance); and the new thought is provided in the preparation of alloy nanoparticlesand alloy nanometer catalysts, and the development of alloy nanometer catalysts in catalysis and energy is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nanometer materials, in particular to alloy nanoparticle and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Alloys refer to substances with metallic properties that are synthesized by two or more metals and metals or nonmetals by a certain method. A high-entropy alloy is a type of alloy, which is a mixture of five or more metal elements. High-entropy alloys have the characteristics of multiple principal elements, that is, the atomic percentages of each alloy element are equal or approximately equal, resulting in an effect called "cocktail". The "cocktail" effect refers to the characteristics of various metal elements and the interaction between them to produce a complex effect in high-entropy alloys. For example, if more light elements are used, the overall density of the alloy will decrease; if more oxidation-resistant elements, such as aluminum or silicon, are used, the alloy's ...

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Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN201910366879.4 obtains CoCr(Mn / Al)FeNi high-entropy alloy nanoparticle catalysts through ultrasonic cleaning, impregnation, vacuum distillation, drying, and calcination, but the process is complicated and time-consuming, and the obtained alloy nanoparticles Larger particle size (34-338nm) and other problems, and does not involve easy-reducible metals such as Pt, Au, and Pd; Chinese patent CN201910126803.4 uses an oil bath reduction method to prepare platinum-based binary alloy nanoparticles, and the reduction temperature of this method is relatively low. Low, only suitable for the preparation of binary alloy nanoparticles, not suitable for the preparation of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles, and the preparation process requires organic substances such as n-hexane and oleylamine, which is easy to cause environmental pollution; Chinese patent CN201811446654.1 uses microwave The preparation of platinum-non-noble metal alloy nanoparticles by heating method has the problems of high catalyst cost (expensive substrate), cumbersome substrate pre-treatment work (need to use ball milling and roasting procedures); Yonggang Yao et al. (Y.Yao et al. ,Carbothermal shock synthesis of high-entropy-alloy nanoparticles.Science 359,1489-1494(2018).) using carbon thermal shock method to synthesize alloy nanoparticles, but the prerequisite for using carbon thermal shock method is that the catalyst substrate must be a conductive material, And this method cannot produce alloy nanoparticles in large quantities and continuously; HajoMeyer et al. The method sputters silver nanoparticles in the solution, but the nanoparticles cannot be loaded on the carrier, which greatly limits the practical application of the method; Matthew W.Glasscott et al. (M.W.Glasscott et al., Electrosynthesis of high-entropy metallic glass nanoparticles for designer, multi-functional electrocatalysis. Nature Communications 10, 2650 (2019).) The alloy nanoparticles prepared by electrodeposition method are large and irregular in particle size, and organic solvents such as chloroform need to be added during synthesis, and can only grow On the surface of the flat electrode, it is easy to cause environmental pollution; Peng-Cheng Chen et al. (P.-C.Chen et al., Polyelemen talnanoparticle libraries.Science 352,1565-1569(2016).) Prepared nanoparticles by dip pen photolithography, but this method is only suitable for the preparation of very small amounts of alloy nanoparticles, and the formation of heterogeneous alloys has no practical Value;

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