Centrifugal mud discharging type air pressure pressurized drilling and cutting device for soft and hard strata

Abstract

The invention provides a centrifugal mud discharging type air pressure pressurized drilling and cutting device for soft and hard strata, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering rock and soil drilling and cutting and underground engineering disaster prevention and mitigation. The centrifugal mud discharging type air pressure pressurized drilling and cutting device for soft andhard strata comprises a spiral-type centrifugal mud discharging system, a composite drilling and cutting system, a pressurized system, a sensing system, a pump water scouring system and a skeleton supporting system. Operating can be flexibly and quickly conducted during drilling and cutting construction; the composite drilling and cutting system is adopted to conduct drilling and cutting work, thus the uniformity of soil is guaranteed, smooth discharging of the soil is guaranteed, rapid drilling and cutting construction of the soft and hard strata is guaranteed, and the construction speed isincreased; the spiral-type centrifugal mud discharging system is adopted, and a plurality of spiral-type centrifugal mud discharging devices and a plurality of mud discharging pipes are connected, sothat high-speed discharging of rock debris during drilling and cutting construction of the soft and hard strata is guaranteed; and a high-pressure pipe and a wire pipe are embedded in a linear connecting arm, thus the member stiffness and safety are not affected, and materials are saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering rock and soil drilling, cutting and underground engineering disaster prevention and mitigation, and in particular relates to a centrifugal mud-discharging air pressure pressurized drilling and cutting device for soft and hard strata. Background technique [0002] The soft and hard stratum is a kind of heterogeneous stratum with complex and changeable geology. Strata and pile foundation construction cross soft and hard strata, deep foundation pit dewatering cross soft and hard stratum, ground stratification subsidence marks in subway operation area cross soft and hard stratum, deep rock and soil mass energy-gathering slits cross soft and hard stratum, etc. Construction in soft and hard strata of underground engineering is different from a single soft and hard stratum. Due to the large difference in stiffness between soft and hard strata, the drilling and cutting speed and the reacti...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Construction in soft and hard strata of underground engineering is different from a single soft and hard stratum. Due to the large difference in stiffness between soft and hard strata, the drilling and cutting speed and the reaction force of different soft and hard strata to drilling and cutting tools are not equal, resulting in soft and hard strata. The drillability of hard formations is different from single soft formations and hard formations, resulting in the drilling and cutting force of the construction surface is more difficult to control than in single soft formations and hard formations, so pile position deviations often occur during underground engineering construction Quality accidents such as loose concrete segregation, cracks, mud inclusions, surface settlement, underground pipeline damage, and surface buildings tilting or collapsing

[0003] Existing drilling devices for soft and hard formation mainly include super large diameter shield cutter head, shield scraper, shield machine tool, PDC bit, geophysical scour bit, etc. The cutting device is mainly rock-socketed pile air-pressure-controlled cutting, but shield drilling devices such as super-large-diameter shield cutterhead, shield scraper, shield machine tool, etc. are bulky and expensive. Drilling devices such as engineering survey drilling devices have small hole diameters, blade distribution angles and cutter distribution settings are unreasonable, and when rock-socketed piles are controlled by air pressure to cut soft and hard strata, the cutting force of the cutting surface cannot change in real time with the stratum. needs improvement

Therefore, the existing drilling and cutting devices for the construction of soft and hard formations are mainly single drilling devices and cutting devices, lacking a composite drilling and cutting device with both drilling and cutting functions.

[0004] Chinese patent CN106907158A is a super-large-diameter shield cutterhead system for soft and hard uneven formations, including large cutterheads, medium-sized cutterheads, small cutterheads, spokes, panels, hobs, cutters, leading knives, center knives, Stirring rods, reducers, hydraulic motors, power transmission devices, shields, and screw excavation devices, but the layout of the cutterhead system is a multi-layer cutterhead space staggered distribution, which is expensive. When the cutterhead encounters soft and hard strata for drilling construction However, due to the limitation of the overall structure of the front cutter head of the shield machine, the shield machine can only be driven into soft and hard areas by controlling various cutter heads, and it is difficult to effectively control the drilling and cutting forces of the corresponding cutting surfaces in different layers of soft and hard layers. , at the same time it cannot cut hard formations in soft and hard formations

[0005] Chinese patent CN206495679U is a kind of shield scraper used in soft and hard uneven formations. There is a hard alloy on the back of the body, and a wear-resistant alloy layer on the cutting edge of the cutter body. However, the shield scraper is mainly to enhance its impact resistance in bad formations, and the cost is high, so it cannot guarantee the protection of soft and hard formations. The accuracy of the main structure during construction cannot be used for drilling and cutting rock and soil in soft and hard formations

[0006] Chinese patent CN204552753U is a shield machine tool suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, including multiple tool combinations installed on the cutter head. The tool combination includes hobs and cutting knives. The shaft of the hob is equipped with sensors. The rear part is fixedly installed on the cutter head, and the rear part of the cutter is installed on the cutter head through a base with a hydraulic expansion device. The base can move back and forth along the shield machine axis, but the shield machine tool is limited The front cutterhead of the shield machine is an integral structure, which can only be drilled into the rock and soil by controlling the hob and cutter, and cannot accurately adjust the penetration of the shield cutterhead during construction in various strata such as soft stratum, hard stratum, and soft-hard stratum. The drilling force of the surface is high, and the cost is high, and the hard formation in the soft and hard formation cannot be cut

[0007] Chinese patent CN203891774U is a five-blade PDC drill bit suitable for soft and hard formations, including a drill body and five blades protruding from the crown of the drill body, and several grooves for discharging debris are formed between the blades , the drill bit drills holes by adjusting the distribution angle of the blade and the distribution of the main cutting teeth on the blade. It cannot guarantee the stress uniformity of the main structure in soft and hard formations, and cannot be used for drilling and cutting in soft and hard formations in rock and soil.

This device is mainly aimed at the stress situation when cutting soft and hard rocks. It maintains constant pressure on the soft rocks that are drilled and applies air pressure to the hard rocks that are not fully cut. The problem of real-time adjustment of the cutting force on the cutting surface of different formations such as strata, and the rapid discharge of chips when cutting soft and hard formations cannot be solved, especially hard formations cannot be cut, and the force uniformity of the cutting device cannot be maintained

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