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A kind of honeycomb silicon carbon composite material, its preparation method and application

A silicon-carbon composite material, honeycomb-like technology, applied in structural parts, electrical components, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of harsh conditions, complex preparation methods of silicon-carbon composite materials, and high cost, and achieve low reaction energy and excellent three-dimensionality. Through the structure, rich effects

Active Publication Date: 2020-05-19
WUHAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material, its preparation method and application, the purpose of which is to combine silicate glass, carbonate or bicarbonate with magnesium powder Mixing, magnesia thermal reaction occurs under melting conditions, and a honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material is prepared by a one-step method. The composite material includes a three-dimensional penetrating porous silicon structure and carbon is filled in the porous silicon channel, and the porous silicon particle surface It is also coated with a layer of amorphous carbon, and the silicon-carbon composite material is used as a lithium-ion battery negative electrode material. Its cycle performance and rate performance are good, and it can be applied to the production of long-life high-energy density lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials. In the prior art, the preparation method of silicon-carbon composite materials used as lithium-ion battery materials is complicated, the conditions are harsh, and the cost is expensive.

Method used

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  • A kind of honeycomb silicon carbon composite material, its preparation method and application
  • A kind of honeycomb silicon carbon composite material, its preparation method and application
  • A kind of honeycomb silicon carbon composite material, its preparation method and application

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0030] (1) Wash the collected waste glass with deionized water first, and then dry it with a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 hours to obtain micron-level glass powder with a particle size between 200 nm and 5 μm;

[0031] (2) Ball-milled glass powder, Na 2 CO 3 After mixing evenly with magnesium powder in a mass ratio of 10:2:4, put it into a closed reaction kettle, and heat it to 780 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min in an argon atmosphere for 5 hours to obtain the reacted mixture. ;

[0032] (3) The reacted mixture obtained in step (1) was cooled to room temperature and then washed in 1.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid for 12 hours. Then, it was cleaned in 0.5mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 60 minutes, and the honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material was obtained after pickling.

[0033] Depend on figure 1 It can be seen from the SEM image of the silicon prepared in this example that the silicon prepared in this example belongs to a three-dimensional connected structural ...

Embodiment 2

[0039] (1) Wash the collected waste glass with deionized water first, and then dry it with a ball mill at a speed of 300 r / min for 3 hours to obtain micron-level glass powder with a particle size between 500 nm and 5 μm;

[0040] (2) The ball-milled glass powder, K 2 CO 3 After mixing evenly with magnesium powder in a mass ratio of 10:3:6, put it into a closed reaction kettle, and heat it to 850 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min in an argon atmosphere for 2 hours to obtain the reacted mixture. ;

[0041] (3) The reacted mixture obtained in step (1) was cooled to room temperature and then washed in 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid for 10 hours. Then, it was cleaned in 1 mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 10 minutes, and the honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material was obtained after pickling.

Embodiment 3

[0043] (1) Wash the collected waste glass with deionized water first, and then dry it with a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 hours to obtain micron-level glass powder with a particle size between 200 nm and 5 μm;

[0044] (2) Ball-milled glass powder, NaHCO 3 After mixing evenly with magnesium powder in a mass ratio of 10:2:6, put it into a closed reaction kettle, and heat it to 680 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min in an argon atmosphere for 6 hours to obtain the reacted mixture. ;

[0045] (3) After the reaction mixture obtained in step (1) was cooled to room temperature, it was first washed in 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid for 8 hours. Then, it was cleaned in 0.5mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 30 minutes, and the honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material was obtained after pickling.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, and more specifically relates to a honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material, its preparation method and application. The silicon-carbon composite material is prepared through a one-step reaction and has a honeycomb structure, including three-dimensional porous silicon and carbon filled in the pores of the porous silicon, the particle size of the porous silicon is 1-3 microns, and the pore size of the porous silicon is The diameter of the mesopore is 100-200 nanometers, and the diameter of the mesopore is 20-40 nanometers; the surface of the porous silicon particles is coated with amorphous carbon. The silicon-carbon composite material of the present invention is used as the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, and its cycle performance and rate performance are good, and it can be applied to make a long-life high energy density lithium ion battery negative electrode material, thus solving the problem of using the lithium ion battery in the prior art. The preparation method of silicon-carbon composite materials for battery materials is complicated, the conditions are harsh, and the cost is expensive.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, and more particularly, relates to a honeycomb silicon-carbon composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Silicon is the lithium-ion battery anode material with the highest specific capacity (4200mAh / g) discovered so far, and it is one of the most potential anode materials. There are also some bottlenecks in the application of silicon as a negative electrode for lithium batteries. The first problem is the volume expansion of silicon during the reaction. Through theoretical calculations and experiments, it can be proved that both lithium insertion and delithiation can cause volume change, and this volume change is 300%. So no matter what kind of material is made, microscopically, at the atomic scale or nanoscale of silicon, its expansion is 300%. Large volume changes must be considered in material design. Ma...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 霍开富梅世雄高标安威力张旭明付继江
Owner WUHAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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