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Metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof, and multilayer metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof

A technology of composite materials and multi-layer metals, applied in nanotechnology, electrical components, electrochemical generators, etc. for materials and surface science, can solve the problems of inability to reduce the size of lithium metal, weaken the role of the matrix skeleton, and limit it

Active Publication Date: 2018-02-23
NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, in the previous research on lithium metal, the bulk metal lithium was used as the research model, which limited the interface between the electrolyte and lithium metal during the stripping and deposition of lithium metal.
On the one hand, in the existing metal lithium composite materials, the metal lithium is still on the scale of hundreds of microns or even centimeters, which cannot reduce the size of the dispersed / composite metal lithium to the micron level. Such metal lithium will interact with the bulk metal lithium during the reaction process. There is not much difference, and it also weakens the role of the matrix skeleton in guiding deposition; on the other hand, the existing lithium metal is compounded in the material matrix, which is almost completely filled with the entire matrix material, leaving no redundant electrolysis The liquid penetrates into the interface, so although it is compounded inside the porous matrix, it cannot construct other electrolyte interfaces other than the surface metal lithium / electrolyte, so it may cause it to be in the process of stripping and deposition. There is not much difference from the bulk lithium

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  • Metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof, and multilayer metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof
  • Metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof, and multilayer metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof
  • Metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof, and multilayer metal lithium composite material and preparing method thereof

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[0038] The invention provides a method for preparing a metal lithium composite material, comprising: S1) soaking a first macroporous material in a lithium-philic nanomaterial solution to obtain a soaked macroporous material; the lithium-philic nanomaterial solution Containing lithium-philic nanomaterials and porous carbon materials and / or porous carbon material precursors; S2) drying the soaked macroporous materials, and performing annealing treatment to obtain treated materials; S3) loading metal lithium On the inside and / or surface of the treated material, a metal lithium composite material is obtained.

[0039] The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of all raw materials, which can be commercially available.

[0040] Soak the first macroporous material in the lithium-philic nanomaterial solution; the first macroporous material can be a macroporous material well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no special limitation. In the present inven...

Embodiment 1

[0058] 1.1 Take 40mL, 10mg / mL graphite oxide solution, add it to 160mL deionized water solution, 200W water bath ultrasonic 2h, get 2.0mg / mL graphene oxide solution, add 4.0g zinc acetate to this graphene oxide solution, and stir The above solution 2h.

[0059] 1.2 The copper foam substrate (0.5mm in pore size, 30% in porosity, 95% in through-porosity, and 0.2mg / cm in bulk density 3 ) soaked in the above graphene oxide solution, and placed in an oven at 60°C for 12h, and after it was cooled, the soaked material was taken out.

[0060] 1.3 The soaked material was frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-dried in a vacuum environment (the freeze-drying temperature was -100° C.), and the sample was taken out after 24 hours. Then the sample was placed in an argon protective atmosphere, and annealed at 800° C. for 4 hours to obtain the processed material.

[0061] 1.4 Put lithium metal (100% of the mass of the processed material) in an argon-protected atmosphere and heat to 300...

Embodiment 2

[0067]2.1 Take 80mL, 9mg / mL high-quality solvent exfoliated graphene solution, add it to 160mL deionized water solution, 200W water bath ultrasonic 1h, get 3.0mg / mL graphene solution, add 6.0g silica nanoparticles to this graphite ene solution, and stirred the above solution for 1h.

[0068] 2.2 Activated carbon fiber cloth (pore diameter range 0.05 ~ 0.2mm, single fiber diameter 10μm, through-porosity 100%, volume density 5mg / cm 3 ) soaked in the above-mentioned graphene solution, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 10 h, and after it was cooled, the soaked material was taken out.

[0069] 2.3 The soaked material was frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-dried in a vacuum environment (the freeze-drying temperature was -60° C.), and the sample was taken out after 24 hours. Then the sample was placed in an argon protective atmosphere, and annealed at 600° C. for 3 hours to obtain the processed material.

[0070] 2.4 Heat metal lithium (200% of the mass of the treated mat...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparing method of a metal lithium composite material. The preparing method comprises the steps of 1, soaking a first macroporous material into a solution to obtain the soaked macroporous material, wherein the solution contains a porous carbon material and / or a porous carbon material precursor; 2, annealing the soaked macroporous material after the macroporous material isdried to obtain a treated material; 3, loading metal lithium into the treated material and / or onto the surface of the treated material to obtain the metal lithium composite material. Compared with the prior art, the porous carbon material is utilized to construct a multistage pore passage structure in pores of the macroporous material, and thus a multistage contact interface of an electrolytic solution and metal lithium is constructed; meanwhile, metal lithium is divided and bounded within the space of a micrometer scale, and sufficient reaction and deposition of metal lithium are facilitated; the multistage structure provides a three-dimension channel for conduction of electrons, and the growth of metal lithium dendritic crystals is inhibited, so that the metal lithium composite materialhas high specific capacity, high-rate performance and high cycling stability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a metal lithium composite material and a preparation method thereof, a multilayer metal lithium composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The wide application of lithium-ion batteries in mobile devices and electric vehicles has put forward higher requirements for the energy density and power density of lithium-ion batteries. The development and research of positive electrode materials are becoming more and more perfect, which has great prospects for improving the overall performance of lithium-ion batteries and researching high-performance negative electrode materials. Lithium metal, with its advantages of high specific capacity, light weight and low potential, is often considered as the ultimate lithium-ion battery anode material. [0003] However, lithium metal hinders its further development due to its activit...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/362H01M4/382H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 邓伟朱文华周旭峰刘兆平
Owner NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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