High-strength and flame-retardant hard polyurethane thermal insulation material for building and preparation method of thermal insulation material

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength and flame-retardant hard polyurethane composite. The composite is prepared as follows: flame-retardant hard polyurethane foam plastic and modified asbestos fibers are mixed and injected into a mold for foaming forming, wherein the flame-retardant hard polyurethane foam plastic contains a component A and a component B, the component A comprises polyalcohol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a stabilizer, a crosslinking agent and a compound flame retardant, and the component B is polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate. The specific flame retardant is selected for compounding, obtained hard polyurethane foam doesn't contain halogen, and the limit oxygen index is high. After the asbestos fibers are modified with a physical-chemical method, the prepared flame-retardant hard polyurethane composite has higher compression strength, tensile strength and shock resistance while compared with ordinary polyurethane / inorganic filler. The technological procedure is easy to operate, the cost is low, and the prepared high-strength and flame-retardant hard polyurethane thermal insulation material has good application prospect. The invention discloses a preparation method of the thermal insulation material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a flame-retardant rigid polyurethane, in particular to a high-strength flame-retardant rigid polyurethane thermal insulation material for buildings and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a polymer material used in the construction field, it not only requires a certain thermal stability and flame retardancy, but also requires higher mechanical properties to meet its strength and stiffness needs. Polyurethane foam is a kind of heat insulation material with excellent performance. Polyurethane rigid foam is light in weight and contains a large number of closed pores inside the foam, which is beneficial to heat insulation. However, the molecules of pure polyurethane rigid foam materials are mainly C and H elements, and there is no resistance. It is easy to burn in the presence of combustible elements, and it will immediately produce flames when it comes into contact with the fire source, which cannot be c...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the large volume of powdered rock wool particles, it is easy to deposit in the polyurethane matrix, and the dispersion is uneven, and the surface of the rock wool powder without modification is poor in compatibility with the matrix. Simply relying on adding rock wool powder to improve the fire protection level of polyurethane materials , a large amount of powder needs to be added, which seriously affects the mechanical properties of the composite material

The Chinese patent with the publication number CN105199067 A discloses a method for producing polyurethane foam. Carbon fibers with a length of 20nm-100nm are compounded with polyols as reactants to prepare polyurethane foam with strong mechanical properties. However, due to the addition of carbon fibers , greatly increasing the production cost, the industrialization cost is expensive, and although the prepared polyurethane foam has certain mechanical properties, the fire resistance has not been greatly improved

[0005] At present, in the case of using the synergistic flame retardant effect to improve the fire resistance of polyurethane foam, the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam are also greatly improved, and the high-strength flame-retardant rigid polyurethane insulation board prepared has not been reported so far.

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