Process and equipment for nature freezing desalting of high salt water

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process and equipment of water desalting, particularly to a process and equipment for nature freezing desalting of high salt water. The process steps comprise: carrying out water storage cooling, artificial snowmaking, and gravity melting desalination, collecting the concentrated high salt water into a high salt water storage tank, and evaporating by using solar energy to obtain the inorganic salt and the distilled water. According to the technical route of the present invention, the salt component and other impurities in the ice body can be eliminated when the salt water freezes so as to obtain the desalted low-salt ice body, the ice particles are continuously purified through the further technical measures so as to obtain the low-salt or desalted regeneration fresh water meeting the industrial and agricultural use requirements, the highly concentrated salt water is subjected to a desalting treatment through the solar energy greenhouse and other technologies to obtain the inorganic salt and the distilled water, and the desalting treatment on the industrial high salt water, the comprehensive utilization, and the zero emission can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process and equipment for desalinating water, in particular to a process and equipment for naturally freezing and desalinating high-salt water. Background technique [0002] The shortage of fresh water resources has increasingly become a major bottleneck problem that seriously restricts the healthy and sustainable development of industry and agriculture. Over the years, people have done a lot of research on the development and utilization of seawater and brackish water resources, which are basically divided into two ways: desalination of salt water and direct utilization of salt water. At present, the main methods for desalination of salt water are the use of electric energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, and solar energy, combined with adsorption, electrodialysis, membrane osmosis, distillation and other methods. The main problem of these methods is that they are expensive and difficult to popularize. Scale industrial pr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

According to the current relevant data, the following serious problems exist in the construction of evaporation ponds for the disposal of high-salt wastewater from coal chemical industry: 1) The environmental risk is very high

If not handled properly, it will have a very large negative impact on the surrounding environment and groundwater, directly affecting the quality of groundwater and the conventional mining of underground minerals within a range of 20-50 kilometers around, and may also cause serious ecological damage such as land salinization; 2 ) Serious waste of water resources

Because we only pay attention to the treatment of concentrated brine and ignore the separation and reuse of water and salt, the contradiction of water supply in arid and water-scarce areas where fresh water resources are very poor is becoming increasingly serious, which will seriously restrict the water consumption. Healthy and sustainable development of coal chemical industry

3) The investment in facilities for transporting high salt water and building evaporation pools (lakes) is increasing, and there is no output during operation, and the cost of use and maintenance is high, making it unbearable for enterprises

[0004] In the prior art, there is a device for desalinating high salt water by using natural cold energy, but the main problems are: first, the highly concentrated salty sewage after desalination treatment cannot be treated, resulting in secondary pollution

Judging from the situation of Ningdong Coal Chemical Industry Base in Ningxia, in the next few years, the enterprises in the park will discharge at least 5-15 million cubic meters of high salt water with a TDS of about 10,000mg / L-20,000mg / L every year. This part of highly concentrated salty sewage It is difficult to reprocess and recycle, so it can only be discharged into the evaporation pool and disposed of by natural evaporation to reduce emissions. The shortcomings of this disposal method are as mentioned above

Second, the existing technical solutions cannot form low-cost, large-scale high-salt water desalination production capacity, and it is difficult to utilize high-salt water resources

Third, the desalination and desalination of ice particles in the natural cold energy desalination process to obtain purified ice technology that meets the requirements of use still has problems such as low efficiency or low desalination rate and high comprehensive cost, which directly affects the technical and economic benefits of the system technology; Fourth, there is a lack of systematic technology for graded utilization of desalinated ice and snow bodies, and the establishment of quality control technology is not complete

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