Continuous pyrolyzing and carbonizing device for agricultural and forestal biomass

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization and discloses a continuous pyrolyzing and carbonizing device for agricultural and forestal biomass. The device comprises a feeding device, a pyrolyzing device, a carbonizing device and a heating device for heating the pyrolyzing device and the carbonizing device, wherein the pyrolyzing device comprises a pyrolyzing furnace, a pyrolyzing pipe running through the pyrolyzing furnace and a spiral conveyer arranged in the pyrolyzing pipe; the output end of the pyrolyzing pipe is connected with the carbonizing device; the carbonizing device comprises a shell and a heat exchange pipe; and the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the shell. According to the device, the independent controllable pyrolyzing device and carbonizing device are adopted, so that the continuous and stable pyrolyzing and carbonizing of the biomass are efficiently and quickly realized and the conveying efficiency is remarkably improved; and the distribution and the quality of products prepared by virtue of the device are controllable, and the energy utilization rate is high.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization, and in particular relates to a continuous pyrolysis and carbonization device for agricultural and forestry biomass. Background technique [0002] my country is rich in agricultural and forestry biomass resources, and the use of biomass energy has always been dominated by direct combustion, which not only has low thermal efficiency, but also is accompanied by a large amount of smoke and ash emissions, which seriously pollutes the environment. Through pyrolysis technology, biomass can be converted into semi-coke, combustible gas, tar and wood vinegar under high temperature and anoxic conditions. It is a clean and efficient biomass energy conversion technology, in which the pyrolysis reactor is A critical part of achieving conversions. At present, biomass pyrolysis reactors mainly include fixed bed, fluidized bed, rotary kiln, and spiral pyrolysis reactor. Advantages of the job. [0003]...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Patent application CN101486921A discloses a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization device with flexible screw conveying, and patent CN102226092A discloses a low-temperature pyrolysis and carbonization method for agricultural and forestry waste and its carbonization furnace device. The defect is: the carbonization process of biomass raw materials It is all completed in the spiral push feeding process. Due to the slow process and long time of the biomass carbonization reaction, it needs to stay in the pyrolysis tube for a sufficient time to fully carbonize the raw material, and the processing capacity of the spiral pyrolysis reactor is greatly limited. , it is difficult to improve the processing efficiency

[0004] Patent CN202530040U discloses a continuous biomass dry distillation and carbonization equipment. The equipment is composed of a feeding device, a combustion device, a drying device, a carbonization device and a discharge device. It is characterized in that the drying chamber and the carbonization chamber are equipped with one or more stages of drying In the drying tube or carbonization tube, the material is propelled by the screw conveying device in the drying tube and the carbonizing tube. For the biomass raw material with a long pyrolysis time, the device can only reduce the conveying speed of the screw conveying device in the drying tube and the pyrolysis tube. In order to complete the full pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass, at the same time, the structure of the multi-stage screw conveying device will lead to problems such as complex mechanism, high cost, and difficulty in matching between multi-stage screw conveying devices.

[0005] The above-mentioned continuous pyrolysis devices all use single-stage or multi-stage screw conveying devices to realize the continuous pyrolysis of biomass. For large-sized biomass raw materials that are difficult to pyrolyze, the problem of sufficient pyrolysis and carbonization can only be solved by reducing the conveying speed of the screw conveying device.

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