Catalyst for preparation of synthetic gas through partial oxidation of methane, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparation of synthetic gas through catalytic partial oxidation of methane. According to the invention, inorganic refractory oxide is used as a carrier, and crystalline nickel cobalt vanadium oxide is used as an active component; in terms of the weight of the catalyst, the active component accounts for 1 to 50%, preferably, 10 to 30%; the molar composition of the crystalline nickel cobalt vanadium oxide is represented by NixCoyVzOdelta, wherein x is equal to 0 to 1.0, y is equal to 0 to 1.0, z is equal to 0.1 to 1.0, x+y is less than 0, and delta refers to a value when O in the oxide reaches an equilibrium amount. A preparation method for the catalyst used for preparation of synthetic gas through catalytic partial oxidation of methane comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving nitrates of Ni and Co and an oxyacid ammonium salt of V to prepare aqueous solutions; mixing the catalyst carrier or a carrier precursor with the aqueous solutions; adjusting a pH value to 3 to 12, preferably, 5 to 10; carrying out a coprecipitation reaction under the condition of stirring; and carrying out moisture removal, drying and roasting so as to obtain the loaded crystalline nickel cobalt vanadium oxide catalyst. The catalyst has the advantages of good comprehensive performance, high dispersion of the active component, high catalytic activity, excellent carbon deposit resistance, high stability and low cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of methane and its preparation method and application Background technique [0002] Synthesis of fuels and chemicals from methane through syngas is one of the effective ways to utilize natural gas. Compared with the traditional steam reforming method, the main advantages of partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas are as follows: (1) The H2 / CO molar ratio (about 2:1) of the synthesis gas obtained is more suitable for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels, methanol and other oxygen-containing organic compounds, etc.; (2) The conversion process can be carried out at high space velocity, which greatly reduces the scale of gas-making equipment, thereby reducing investment and production costs; (3) It can be transformed on the basis of the original traditional process to realize methane A process for producing syngas by partial oxidation, and the production capac...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the existing catalyst systems have to face the following problems: 1. Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas is a mild exothermic reaction (ΔH θ 298K =-36KJ / mol), but the reaction speed is very fast, concentrated heat release, easy to generate hot spots, resulting in metal accumulation; 2. The two main side reactions of carbon monoxide disproportionation and methane thermal cracking at high temperature are easy to cause carbon deposition on the catalyst, especially Ni 3. Carbon monoxide in the product is easy to form carbonyl compounds with transition metals to cause the loss of metal active components; 4. Water as an intermediate product causes changes in the catalyst structure; 5. The catalyst is poisoned by impurities in the raw material gas, such as S

A lot of research work has only improved the performance of the catalyst in a certain aspect, but it has not been able to take into account all aspects of the performance of the catalyst.

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