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A method for constructing nanoporous membrane electrodes for direct methanol fuel cells based on sacrificial template method

A methanol fuel cell, nanoporous technology, applied to battery electrodes, structural parts, circuits, etc., can solve the problems that restrict the electrochemical performance, size, and shape of the battery, and it is difficult to realize the controllable construction of the micro-nano structure of the membrane electrode.

Active Publication Date: 2015-12-30
SHANGHAI ADVANCED RES INST CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, since the pore-forming principle of the pore-forming agent is formed by the escape of reaction-generated gas on the electrode surface, the pore channel is micron-scale, and the size and shape cannot be adjusted, so it is difficult to realize the controllable construction of the micro-nano structure of the membrane electrode. Restricts the continuous improvement of the electrochemical performance of the entire battery

Method used

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  • A method for constructing nanoporous membrane electrodes for direct methanol fuel cells based on sacrificial template method
  • A method for constructing nanoporous membrane electrodes for direct methanol fuel cells based on sacrificial template method
  • A method for constructing nanoporous membrane electrodes for direct methanol fuel cells based on sacrificial template method

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0060] Example 1—Construction of nanoporous anode catalyst layer of direct methanol fuel cell by using MgO nanoparticles as sacrificial template

[0061] 1. Batch preparation of microporous layer: disperse VulcanXC-72R carbon powder, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion (density 1.3-1.4, solid content 60wt%) in isopropanol and water (IPA:H 2 O=1:1) in the mixed solution, for the anode carbon powder slurry, the feeding ratio of the dry solid weight in the carbon powder and PTFE emulsion to the isopropanol aqueous solution is 1:0.25:30, and for the cathode carbon powder slurry, the carbon Powder, polytetrafluoroethylene dry weight in polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, and isopropanol aqueous solution are fed in a ratio of 1:0.5:30, and a uniform viscous slurry is obtained after ultrasonic dispersion. Use an automatic dispenser to evenly spray the toner slurry containing PTFE binder layer by layer onto the cut carbon fiber paper (TorayTGPH-060), and place it in a 350°C muffle f...

Embodiment 2

[0070] Example 2—Construction of nanoporous anode catalyst layer for direct methanol fuel cells by using ZnO nanoparticles as sacrificial templates

[0071] The steps are basically the same as in Example 1, and the MgO nanoparticles are replaced with ZnO nanoparticles, wherein the ZnO addition is 30wt%, and the precious metal loading in the cathode and anode catalyst layers is 4.0mgcm -2 .

[0072] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the maximum power density of the MEA anode catalytic layer can reach 42.3mWcm -2 , is similar to the effect of using MgO, indicating that the method of using metal oxides that are easily soluble in dilute acids as sacrificial templates to construct MEA nanoporous structures has certain universality.

Embodiment 3

[0073] Example 3 — Constructing a nanoporous anode microporous layer of a direct methanol fuel cell by using MgO nanoparticles as a sacrificial template

[0074] 1. Preparation of microporous layer: basically the same as step 1 of Example 1, in addition, a certain amount of MgO nanopowder was added to the anode carbon powder slurry, and its weight accounted for 30wt% of the total dry weight of the microporous layer slurry.

[0075] 2. Preparation of catalytic layer slurry: basically the same as Step 2 of Example 1, but no MgO or ZnO powder is added during the preparation of the catalyst slurry.

[0076] 3. Prepare a membrane electrode with a nanoporous anode microporous layer according to steps 3-5 of Example 1.

[0077] Depend on Image 6 It can be seen that when the amount of magnesium oxide added to the anode microporous layer is 30wt.%, the PtRu noble metal loading of the anode is 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mgcm -2 Under these conditions, the maximum power densities of single cells a...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cell preparation, in particular to a direct-methanol fuel cell nano-porous structural film electrode construction method based on a sacrificial template method. The direct-methanol fuel cell nano-porous structural film electrode construction method based the sacrificial template method comprises the steps that a supporting layer is coated with carbon powder slurry which contains MgO or ZnO nanometer materials to manufacture a cathode micropore layer and an anode micropore layer; the micropore layers are coated with catalyzer slurry which contains MgO or ZnO nanometer materials to prepare a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer; a prepared negative electrode and positive electrode and a Nafion film form MEA through hot pressing molding, and then a nano-porous structural film electrode is obtained after sufficient acid dissolving and washing. According to the direct-methanol fuel cell nano-porous structural film electrode construction method based the sacrificial template method, the nanometer materials, such as MgO or Zno, which can be dissolved in acid easily are adopted to serve as a sacrificial template to construct the direct-methanol fuel cell nano-porous structural film electrode, the sizes and shapes of the nanometer micropores can be adjusted and controlled through the size and shape of the oxide template, the method is simple and easy to realize, and the electrochemical performance and stability of the film electrode can be improved obviously.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of battery preparation, in particular to a simple and efficient method for constructing a nanoporous membrane electrode of a direct methanol fuel cell by using metal oxide nanoparticles as a sacrificial template and its application. Background technique [0002] Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a green new energy, which has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, environmental friendliness, low operating noise, and convenient operation. It has aroused extensive research interest in the energy field, especially in electric The field of power supply and mobile power supply for automobiles, mobile phones, notebooks, portable communications and medical equipment has extremely broad application prospects. [0003] As the core component of the fuel cell, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the site of material transport, electrochemical reaction, electron and proton transfer, and en...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/88
CPCH01M4/8828H01M4/8896Y02E60/50
Inventor 蒋晶晶黄庆红邹志青杨辉
Owner SHANGHAI ADVANCED RES INST CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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