Plasma coal cracking reaction apparatus relating to flow screening component

Abstract

The invention belongs to a plasma coal pyrolysis reactor involving cover flow components in the field of chemical equipment. The reactor comprises a plasma torch anode, a plasma torch cathode, a crossing area of the plasma torch anode and the plasma torch cathode, a working gas inlet of the plasma torch anode, a working gas inlet of the plasma torch cathode, a mixing area and a coal dust spraying tube, a reaction area, a reaction area wall surface, a reaction area feed gas injection pipe, a sharp quenching area, a sharp quenching medium injection pipe, a sharp quenching outlet and cover flow components arranged in the mixing area, the reaction area or the sharp quenching area. Cover flow components are arranged in the high temperature and high flow rate reactor, space distribution of fluid is changed, injection depth of injected material is increased, and contact and mixing efficiency between reactants is enhanced so as to realize the purpose of improving coal conversion and heat conversion capability of the reactor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical equipment and relates to a plasma coal cracking reaction device related to a flow-shielding member. Background technique [0002] Acetylene is an important basic organic chemical raw material. The industrial methods for producing acetylene mainly include calcium carbide method, methane partial oxidation method and methane arc cracking method. Among them, the calcium carbide method acetylene process is mature and accounts for an absolute proportion in industrial production, but the pollution and energy consumption are relatively high. [0003] Plasma pyrolysis of coal to acetylene is a new and promising route for direct chemical conversion of coal. The related research began in the 1960s at the University of Sheffield in the UK: in the arc thermal plasma jet with high temperature, high enthalpy and high reactivity, Coal volatiles and even fixed carbon can be directly converted to acetylene. Since then, a ...

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Problems solved by technology

Although the pre-device mixing occurs, to be precise, the reactants enter the arc zone, which is beneficial to the heating and mixing of raw materials, and can obtain high acetylene yields, but it is easy to damage the electrodes, and the device structure is relatively complicated.

Most of the test setups use the latter, but this increases the difficulty of achieving a good mixing effect between the pulverized coal and the plasma jet; this is mainly due to the high velocity of the plasma jet, while the incident velocity of the pulverized coal is much lower , the incident depth of pulverized coal in the high-speed plasma jet is limited, and this contradiction will become more prominent when the reaction device is enlarged

[0007] For the above-mentioned coal cracking reaction device that adopts the post-mixing operation mode of the plasma generator, since the pulverized coal is mainly concentrated in the periphery of the thermal plasma, the high-grade heat energy in the central area of ​​the thermal plasma has not been fully utilized, resulting in energy utilization less efficient

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