Hydrogen storage system for fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydrogen storage system using a metal hydride (MH), which can increase volumetric storage density of hydrogen and total hydrogen storage capacity and improve system packaging. For this purpose, the present invention provides a hydrogen storage system for a fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogen storage system including: an outer space filled with a first storage alloy powder that is able to release hydrogen at a high temperature; an inner space filled with a second storage alloy powder that is able to release hydrogen only with heat generated from a fuel cell stack; a metal filter disposed between the outer and inner spaces so as to divide the outer and inner spaces; a second heat exchange tube provided between the fuel cell stack and a radiator to constitute a cooling loop and arranged along a longitudinal direction of the inner space; and an independent heat exchange loop independently connected to the outer space for the hydrogen release of the first storage alloy powder.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hydrogen storage system for a fuel cell vehicle. More specifically, the present invention relates to hydrogen storage systems using metal hydrides (MH), which can increase the volumetric storage density and total hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen and improve system packaging. Background technique [0002] A basic requirement for a commercial fuel cell vehicle is to achieve a sufficient driving range corresponding to that of an internal combustion engine vehicle without refueling. [0003] For example, to achieve a range of 300 miles on one refueling, the vehicle must store no less than about 5 kg of hydrogen. [0004] Currently, high-pressure (35 MPa or 70 MPa) hydrogen storage systems are used in fuel cell vehicles; however, they limit the increase in hydrogen storage capacity due to the low density of gaseous hydrogen. [0005] That is, to store 5 Kg of hydrogen using a 35 MPa hydrogen storage system requires a storag...

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Problems solved by technology

[0025] The MH in the MH hydrogen storage tank 100 has a low hydrogen release temperature, and thus it can satisfy the hydrogen supply conditions required by the fuel cell stack 300 using only the waste heat generated from the fuel cell stack 300; however, due to the weight The storage density is very low, so the weight of the system becomes too heavy

[0026] Instead, include Mg-based MH or such as NaALH 4 、LiALH 4 Storage materials such as complex metal hydrides have a hydrogen storage density of 5-10 wt% or more; however, due to the high hydrogen release temperature of about 150-400°C, only waste heat generated from fuel cells cannot meet the needs of fuel cell stacks. The required hydrogen supply conditions

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