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Silicon-containing alloys useful as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

A lithium-ion battery, electrode composition technology, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of poor cycle life, poor Coulombic efficiency, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2009-01-07
JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
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  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, a problem with such alloys is that they often exhibit relatively poor cycle life and poor Coulombic efficiency due to fragmentation of alloy particles during expansion and contraction associated with compositional changes in the alloy

Method used

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Examples

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example

[0017] Silicon, iron, nickel, titanium, cobalt, and tin were obtained from Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA; Aldrich Chemical Company, Milwaukee, WI or Alcan Metal Powders, Berkeley, CA.

[0018] X-ray diffraction patterns were collected using a Siemens Model Kristalloflex 805D500 diffractometer equipped with a copper target X-ray tube and a diffracted beam monochromator. The data given in the columns labeled "Phases Observed from X-ray Data" in Tables 1A and 1B are based on the characteristic peak shapes obtained for each alloy sample listed. For example, an amorphous phase is considered to be absent or lacking in sharp, well-defined peaks in an X-ray diffraction pattern. The grain size of the crystalline phase is determined by the Scherer equation. A nanocrystalline phase is considered when the calculated grain size is less than 50 nm.

[0019] Using a SPEX MILL (Model 8000-D, Spex CertiPrep, Metuchen, NJ) under an argon atmosphere, the calibrated amount of Samples 1-14 listed i...

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Abstract

An electrode composition for a lithium ion battery has the formula SixSnqMyCz, where q, x, y, and z represent atomic percent values and (a) (q + x) > 2y + z; (b) q >= 0, (c) z >= 0; and (d) M is one or more metals selected from manganese, molybdenum, niobium, tungsten, tantalum, iron, copper, titanium, vanadium, chromium, nickel, cobalt, zirconium, yttrium, or a combination thereof. The Si, Sn, M, and C elements are arranged in the form of a multi-phase microstructure comprising: (a) an amorphous phase comprising silicon; (b) a nanocrystalline phase comprising a metal suicide; and (c) a phase comprising silicon carbide phase when z > 0; and (d) an amorphous phase comprising Sn when q > 0.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims priority to US Application 60 / 743,075, filed December 23, 2005, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. technical field [0003] The present invention relates to electrode compositions suitable for use in lithium ion batteries, methods of preparing such compositions and batteries comprising such compositions. Background technique [0004] Metal alloys have been proposed as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. These alloy-type anodes generally exhibit higher capacities relative to intercalation-type anodes such as graphite. One problem with such alloys, however, is that they often exhibit relatively poor cycle life and poor Coulombic efficiency due to fragmentation of alloy particles during expansion and contraction associated with compositional changes in the alloy. Contents of the invention [0005] Described herein is an electrode composition for lithium-...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/58H01M4/50H01M4/134H01M10/0525H01M10/0569H01M10/36
CPCH01M4/621B22F2009/043Y02E60/122B22F9/04B22F2998/10H01M10/0569H01M10/0525B22F9/002C22C1/0491H01M4/624H01M4/134Y02E60/10C22C1/047B22F2201/11B22F1/08H01M4/38B82Y30/00
Inventor 黎丁巴
Owner JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC
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