Pesticidal and antiparasitic compositions
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example 1
In Vitro Evaluation of the Nematicidal Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide from Chemical Sources and a Chitinolytic Enzyme.
[0040] Eggs from zoonematodes Haemonchus spp and Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Dictyocaulus viviparus were used, as well as parasitic phytonematode larvae (juveniles 2) from Melodoigyne incognita.
[0041] Collections of Haemonchus spp and Trichostrongylus colubriformis nematodes were made from ovine (sheep) and bovine (cattle) abomasa, respectively. The adult female nematodes were washed in a physiological solution and treated with "Hibitane" (Chlorhexidine Acetate) at 0.5%, for 1 minute, the process developed at 37.degree. C. Approximately 100 previously disinfected individuals were introduced into an Erlenmeyer containing 50 ml of LB medium solution, diluted 10 times in distilled sterile water, and were left laying their eggs overnight (8-10 hours).
[0042] Collections of D. viviparous nematode were made from the infested lung of a bovine (cattle), previously sacrific...
example 2
Greenhouse Evaluation of the Nematicidal Effect of a Chitinolytic-Activity Inducing Agent (Chitin) and a Hydrogen Sulfide-Producing Agent (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subps. desulfuricans ATCC 29577 Isolated from the Soil).
[0065] Brown soil with neutral pH was selected: it was dried and sieved with a 0.5 cm net to remove the undesirable particles. It was sterilized in a vertical autoclave for 1 hour at 120.degree. C. and 1 atmosphere (Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F. and Maniatis T. 1989. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd. Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., USA). It was dried at room temperature for 3-4 days to later make the foreseen mixtures in the treatments with river sand, soil worm humus and chitin (ICN catalogue number 101334).
[0066] Twenty pots (15 cm diameter.times.13 cm depth and 1 liter of capacity) were filled with the set proportions in the following treatments:
[0067] 1. Control treatment: soil 70%, river sand 25% and humus 5%.
[0068] 2. Chi...
example 3
Demonstration of Chitinolytic Activity and Sulfide Production from Bacteria Corynebacterium paurometabolum C-924 and Tsukamurella paurometabola DSM 20162.
[0080] Sulfide Production Determination:
[0081] In tubes of 100 ml for gas collection, samples from the gas current from fermentation of strains C-924 and DSM 20162 in 51 bioreactors, were taken. The total culture time was 24 h. The formation of hydrogen sulfide was detected first at the 16.sup.th h.
[0082] The samples were processed in an analogous manner to the H.sub.2S pattern generated. The analysis was performed in the Varian gas chromatograph, following these conditions:
[0083] Flame photometric detector with filter sensitive to compounds that contain sulfur.
[0084] Hydrogen sulfide pattern: 43.2 ng / ml, by duplicate.
[0085] Samples: duplicate for each time when sampling was done.
[0086] Injection: 1 ml or .mu.l of head space.
[0087] Column: DB-5 (15 m.times.0.53 mm)
[0088] Temperature: 35.degree. C.
[0089] Carrier gas: Nitrogen 1.5 ml...
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