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Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system

A technology for pyrolysis gasification and low-carbon olefins, which is applied in cracking, non-catalytic thermal cracking, petroleum industry, etc. It can solve the problems of excessive waste sand discharge, low heat utilization and production efficiency, and wear of sand furnace process equipment, so as to avoid Effects of pollution, high thermal efficiency, and frequency reduction

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-06-14
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical defects that the existing tubular furnace process is difficult to crack heavy hydrocarbons, the heat utilization and production efficiency of the regenerative furnace process is low, the sand furnace process equipment is seriously worn and the waste sand is discharged, in order to effectively utilize my country's Petroleum resources to produce the most basic organic chemical raw materials, thus providing a method of heavy hydrocarbon cracking to cleanly produce ethylene and other low-carbon olefins and a cracking gasifier system

Method used

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  • Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system
  • Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system
  • Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0046] reference figure 1 In this embodiment, a metallurgical blast furnace is used, especially the retired blast furnace 1 of an iron and steel enterprise can be used as the main body for transformation. At its bottom is a hearth 16. The furnace body of the pyrolysis gasifier is divided into three sections. Up to 1 / 5 of the furnace body is the combustion zone 8, and below the height of the furnace body from 1 / 5 to 3 / 5 is the gasification and cracking zone 9. The part above the gasification and cracking zone is the gasification completion zone 10; in the combustion zone 8 A first gas inlet 12 is opened on the furnace body wall, and a second gas inlet 13 is opened on the furnace body wall of the gasification cracking zone 9, and a gas outlet 14 is opened on the furnace body wall of the gasification completion zone 10, and the gas outlet is 14 is connected to the waste heat boiler 3 through a pipe 15; the first gas inlet 12 is connected to water vapor and oxygen pipes, and the seco...

Embodiment 2

[0050] The method for cracking heavy hydrocarbons to produce low-carbon olefins in this embodiment is carried out in the gasification cracking furnace of embodiment 1, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0051] (1) A bed of coke or semi-coke is filled in the cracking gasifier made in Example 1. The lower part of the packed bed is the combustion zone 8, which occupies 1 / 5 of the entire bed, which provides the necessary for the cracking of heavy hydrocarbons. The middle part of the packed bed is the gasification cracking zone 9, which accounts for 2 / 5 of the entire bed, and the upper part is the gasification completion zone 10, which accounts for 2 / 5 of the entire bed;

[0052] (2) Ignite the furnace;

[0053] (3) Oxygen and water vapor are introduced into the coke bed in the combustion zone 8 at a flow rate of 1.4m 3 / s, the volume ratio of water vapor and oxygen is 5:1, the coke bed is burnt to a hot state; the oxygen is used for the combustion of coke to provi...

Embodiment 3

[0063] In the pyrolysis gasifier made in Example 1, press figure 2 The comprehensive utilization of the process flow chart is carried out. The feed of the cracking gasifier includes oxygen, steam and cracking raw materials. Most of the steam is sourced from the heat exchange of the waste heat boiler 3. The cracking raw materials are except heavy hydrocarbons. , Part of the low-carbon alkanes such as methane and ethane returned from the cold box unit 6 and the separation unit 7 are used as raw materials.

[0064] The temperature of the gas outlet 14 of the cracking gasifier is 1073 to 1173K (800 to 900°C), and the cracking and gasification products are passed into the waste heat boiler. After heat recovery, the gas temperature is reduced to 573K (300°C) or less. At the same time, the water used for refrigeration absorbs heat and transforms into water vapor, which is introduced into the cracking gasifier to participate in the reaction.

[0065] The pyrolysis gasification product fr...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and system for producing light olefins by cracking heavy hydrocarbons. The system takes the decommissioned blast furnace of the iron and steel enterprise as the main body, increases the inlet and outlet of raw materials and products on the blast furnace, and transforms it into a cracking gasifier; the method includes: integrating cracking and heat supply in the same reactor; filling the reactor The coke is used as the heat source and heat carrier, the lower combustion zone is charged with oxygen, the cracking raw material and water vapor are sprayed into the middle cracking gasification zone, hydrocarbon cracking and coke gasification reactions occur, and the gas products are exported out of the upper gasification completion zone. The exported gas can also be cooled and purified, then compressed and sent to the cold box for separation to obtain synthesis gas and light olefins, etc., and the alkane components in it are returned to the reactor for cracking again. The coke consumed by the reaction is supplemented by the coke from the cracking of heavy hydrocarbons. Compared with the conventional heavy hydrocarbon cracking process, this method can use heavier hydrocarbon raw materials without worrying about the problem of coking, and the ethylene content in the composition of the outlet gas is more than 10%, and the synthesis gas is co-produced.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for producing low-carbon olefins by cracking, in particular to a method for directly cracking heavy hydrocarbons, mainly producing ethylene, and co-producing syngas (CO+H 2 ) A method for cracking heavy hydrocarbons from propylene, butene and other low-carbon olefins to produce low-carbon olefins and a cracking gasifier system. Background technique [0002] The tube furnace high-temperature cracking method is the mainstream method of ethylene production. At present, the ethylene produced by this method in the world accounts for more than 99% of the total ethylene output. The main process parameters of the tube furnace pyrolysis method are high temperature, short residence time and low hydrocarbon partial pressure. The cracking raw materials include naphtha, light diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, ethane and other light petroleum hydrocarbons. Brain oil and ethane are the main sources of raw materials. According to statistics...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10G9/18
Inventor 许志宏王韶锋赵月红温浩郭占成
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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