Marine impact-resistant foamed aluminum-based composite board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine shock-resistant foamed aluminum-based composite board which comprises a foamed aluminum base material, a polyurethane infiltration layer is arranged on the surface of the foamed aluminum base material, pores in the surface of the foamed aluminum base material are completely filled with the polyurethane infiltration layer, and a wear-resistant layer is arranged on the surface of the polyurethane infiltration layer. The polyurethane infiltration layer is sprayed on the surface of the foamed aluminum base material, pores in the surface of the foamed aluminum are filled, the stress condition of pore walls of the foamed aluminum is improved, when the foamed aluminum is subjected to impact load and local concentrated stress, the filling layer can provide effective support for the pore walls, brittle fracture of the pore walls is prevented, and the service life of the foamed aluminum is prolonged. The surface of the foamed aluminum material is effectively protected, the overall compressive strength of the foamed aluminum material is improved, and the problem that pore walls on the surface of the foamed aluminum are fragile and broken is solved; and the wear-resistant layer is sprayed on the surface of the polyurethane infiltration layer, so that the wear resistance of the foamed aluminum-based composite board is improved, and the foamed aluminum-based composite board has the characteristics of simple processing technology, low cost and applicability to foamed aluminum base materials in different shapes.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention belongs to 3.3 High-performance composite materials industry in the strategic new industry catalogue under the key direction of 3.3.2 Metal-based composite materials and ceramic-based composite materials, specifically silicon carbide, boron carbide, titanium Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with silicon nitride fibers, whiskers, particles, etc. Background technique [0002] Aluminum foam is a new type of high-strength lightweight metal material. Its preparation method is to add a foaming agent to molten aluminum alloy and make it through a foaming process. Aluminum foam has the advantages of both metal materials and porous materials, such as low density. , strong fire resistance, high strength and other characteristics, but the porous structure of aluminum foam also determines that its surface contact performance is not as good as that of ordinary aluminum alloy materials. Fragmentation occurs due to local stress concentrati...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003]The existing aluminum foam matrix composites generally overcome the problem of brittle fracture of the foam aluminum pore walls through the "sandwich" sandwich structure. Combining or pressing other material plates for compounding, which leads to the compounding of regular-shaped aluminum foam plates. This process cannot be realized for foamed aluminum materials with irregular surfaces, and the surface plate and the foamed aluminum substrate are generally passed. Adhesive bonding or direct pressing can only improve the stress on the surface of the foamed aluminum material, reduce the degree of breakage of the foamed aluminum pore wall, and cannot completely eliminate the problem of brittle fracture of the pore wall

[0004]A Chinese invention patent with application number 201710338174.2 discloses a method for preparing lightweight structural composite materials, in which the surface layer of the porous substrate is loaded with Al-Ti by thermal infiltration technology - SiC alloy powder, alloy powder heat penetration temperature 800-1500 ℃, heat penetration vacuum degree 2.0×10-2, then coat polyurethane resin on the surface of the alloy powder and dry, use heat penetration for alloying The powder fills the gaps, and the process conditions are complicated. The purpose of coating the alloy powder with polyurethane resin is to seal the alloy powder in the porous substrate, which can only protect the surface of the porous substrate to a certain extent, and protect the pore walls inside the porous substrate. Does not work, the pores inside the porous substrate are filled with alloy powder through thermal infiltration technology, and the alloy powder is compressed to form a dense, rigid substance. Rigid materials do not have certain deformation ability when subjected to impact force. The wall will still be broken, which can only reduce the degree of breakage of the pore wall of the porous substrate, but cannot completely eliminate the problem of brittle fracture of the pore wall. The impact resistance of the final composite material is difficult to apply to places with large local impact loads

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