Non-aqueous electrolyte containing cyano cyclic amine compound, lithium ion battery and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a cyano cyclic amine compound, a lithium ion battery and application of the non-aqueous electrolyte and the lithium ion battery, the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises electrolyte lithium salt, an organic solvent and a functional additive, the functional additive is the cyano cyclic amine compound shown in the formula I, and the structural formula of the formula I is shown in the specification; wherein n1 is greater than or equal to 0 and is a natural number; n2 > = 1 and is a natural number. According to the invention, the cyano-containing cyclic amine compound is adopted as a functional additive, due to the existence of cyano, the cyano-containing cyclic amine compound can be easily combined with water molecules and can be combined with lithium salt molecules before water and an organic solvent in the electrolyte, so that the hydrolysis reaction of lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte is inhibited, and the water removal capacity and the acid generation inhibition capacity of the non-aqueous electrolyte are improved. Besides, the cyano-containing cyclic amine compound is an amine compound, and due to the characteristics of Lewis base, the cyano-containing cyclic amine compound can be combined with hydrofluoric acid existing in the electrolyte to generate fluorine ammonium salt, so that the purpose of removing free hydrofluoric acid is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytes, in particular, to a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a cyano cyclic amine compound, a lithium ion battery and applications thereof. Background technique [0002] Since its birth in 1991, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in 3C digital products, power tools and electric vehicles due to their high operating voltage, wide operating temperature range, high energy density and long service life. . Lithium battery electrolyte is one of the four main materials of lithium ion battery. As a carrier for ion transmission, it plays a role in transporting ions and plays a key role in the performance of lithium ion batteries. blood". The traditional lithium ion electrolyte consists of three parts, namely lithium salt, organic solvent and various functional additives. As we all know, the moisture and acidity in the electrolyte of lithium ion battery are important indicators for the quality co...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In addition, it is well known that increasing the working voltage of lithium-ion batteries and high nickelization of positive electrode materials will intensify the interfacial reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode material, forcing the transition metal in the positive electrode material to dissolve into the electrolyte and deposit on the surface of the negative electrode material. The structure of the positive electrode material is destroyed, and it also promotes the reduction reaction on the surface of the negative electrode and increases the consumption of the electrolyte, which ultimately seriously affects the cycle life of the lithium battery.

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