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A rescue expansion device and method based on shape memory alloy

A memory alloy and expansion device technology, used in life-saving equipment, building rescue and other directions, can solve the problems of flying debris safety hazards, damage to the surrounding environment, waste of rescue time and other problems, achieve low professional level requirements, improve rescue safety, The effect of reducing rescue costs

Active Publication Date: 2022-04-22
XI AN JIAOTONG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the most commonly used expansion tools in fire rescue are hydraulic expansion pliers. This type of tool has a complex structure, high price, single function, large volume, and weighs up to tens of kilograms, making it difficult to carry. It can only be used after hydraulic pump or manual hydraulic pump
However, in real life, personal injury accidents often occur where the head or other parts of the body are stuck in the gap of the railing. After such an accident, due to the lack of professional rescue tools, usually only conventional hydraulic jacks can be used to repair the railing. Expansion, but it is difficult to fix the hydraulic jack and the railing, and the operation is inconvenient, which greatly delays the rescue time and increases the pain of the trapped
In addition, in some narrow areas such as pipelines, it is difficult for large hydraulic pliers to enter. At this time, other rescue tools such as cutters are usually used. Cause secondary damage to the rescued
In addition, when some body parts of the human body are stuck in the slit, such as a ring, etc. are stuck on the finger and it is difficult to remove or the finger is stuck in the door, there are few other rescue methods except cutting, but the cutting rescue operation is difficult High, high risk, time-consuming, will inevitably have a negative impact on the rescue process, wasting precious rescue time
Traditional fire rescue tools such as hydraulic pliers, electric cutting and demolition will cause great damage to the surrounding environment
The flying debris generated during the demolition process is a great safety hazard. The deformation force and deformation of the hydraulic pliers during the demolition and expansion process are extremely large, which is difficult to control, which makes rescuers and rescued people face many potential dangers.
[0003] In general, the existing rescue expansion tools have a single function, which is difficult to meet the needs of efficient and fast rescue. At the same time, the rescue technology in some specific scenarios is not yet mature, and innovation and improvement are urgently needed

Method used

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  • A rescue expansion device and method based on shape memory alloy
  • A rescue expansion device and method based on shape memory alloy
  • A rescue expansion device and method based on shape memory alloy

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Experimental program
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Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0061] The preparation process of the auxiliary chuck alloy is as follows: In this technical solution, after the raw materials are cast into ingots by vacuum induction melting, the ingots are homogenized at 900-1200° C. for 12-36 hours. Subsequently, the homogenized alloy is thermally deformed (rod, plate, etc.) to obtain a thermal deformation of 20%-70%, and then the alloy is subjected to long-term aging treatment at 400-600°C for 20-120min at different times, and is cut by EDM Processed as wedge, cone, cylinder, claw, hemispherical and truncated cone. Different types of auxiliary chucks can be loaded into the reserved chuck loading area. The wedge-shaped chucks are divided into two types: front opening type and rear opening type, and the whole is made of shape memory alloy. The front-opening expansion element has a wedge-shaped opening at the front end and a cuboid-shaped tail end, which is convenient for direct loading with the sleeve or other heaters. Before heating, the ...

Embodiment 1

[0065] The operation steps of the shape memory alloy rescue expansion device of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0066] see figure 1 , Figure 3(a), (b), Figure 4(a), (b).

[0067] Such as figure 1 Shown is the overall device situation before the present invention is not opened. To reach a specific rescue environment requiring support, select an appropriate alloy expansion element 3 according to the environmental conditions. As shown in Figure 3(a) and (b), the cross-sectional view of the rear-opening wedge-shaped alloy expansion element (before heating), the rear-opening wedge-shaped auxiliary chuck 8 that can be used for support is selected in the rescue environment, which is composed of Ti 49.9 Ni 50.1 The shape memory alloy is prepared, and its wedge angle is 30° before heating.

[0068] Fix the shape memory alloy spring 9 on the metal tube 10, and load the rear-opening wedge-shaped auxiliary chuck 8 on both sides of the metal tube 10. In this...

Embodiment 2

[0074] see figure 1 , Figure 8(a), (b), such as figure 1 Shown is the overall device situation before the present invention is not opened.

[0075] To reach a specific rescue environment that needs to be expanded, select an appropriate alloy expansion element 3 according to the environmental conditions. As shown in Figure 8(a), it is a front sectional view of the heated pincer-shaped expansion element (front opening type) of the present invention, and the front-opening pincer-shaped auxiliary chuck 8 that can be used for expansion and rescue is selected in the rescue environment where expansion is required. , which consists of Ti 50.0 Ni 50.0 The shape memory alloy is prepared, and the included angle of the pincers is 30° before heating.

[0076] Fix the shape memory alloy spring 9 to the metal tube 10, and load the front-opening pincer-shaped auxiliary chuck 8 on both sides of the metal tube 10. In this example, Ti 50.0 Ni 50.0 The shape memory alloy spring 9 has a spri...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rescue expansion device and method based on a shape memory alloy. The device includes a bearing system and a temperature control system; The element is equipped with a metal tube, a shape memory alloy spring and auxiliary chucks arranged along both sides of the sleeve; the temperature control system is connected to the heating element, and the pre-deformed shape memory alloy spring is heated to a critical value after heating cycle training, and the shape memory alloy The martensitic phase transformation of the spring pushes the auxiliary chucks on both sides to move outward, thereby expanding and supporting. The temperature control system regulates the temperature at the sleeve, and the shape memory alloy in the expansion element undergoes a martensitic phase transformation when heated and returns to its original shape, generating huge deformation and restoring force, which transmits the chuck to the outside for expansion and support. The device can realize multi-functional rescue expansion in multiple scenarios, and is suitable for narrower environments with powerful functions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rescue expansion device, in particular to a rescue expansion device based on a shape memory alloy. Background technique [0002] At present, the most commonly used expansion tools in fire rescue are hydraulic expansion pliers. This type of tool has a complex structure, high price, single function, large volume, and weighs up to tens of kilograms, making it difficult to carry. It can only be used after hydraulic pump or manual hydraulic pump. However, in real life, personal injury accidents often occur where the head or other parts of the body are stuck in the gap of the railing. After such an accident, due to the lack of professional rescue tools, usually only conventional hydraulic jacks can be used to repair the railing. Expansion, but it is difficult to fix between the hydraulic jack and the railing, and the operation is inconvenient, which greatly delays the rescue time and increases the suffering of the trapped. In add...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A62B3/00
CPCA62B3/005
Inventor 周玉美张磊薛德祯丁向东孙军
Owner XI AN JIAOTONG UNIV
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