Anode material for alkaline aluminum-air battery and preparation method of anode material

Abstract

The invention relates to an anode material for an alkaline aluminum-air battery. The anode material consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of In, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Sn, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of impurities and the balance of Al. The invention further provides a preparation method of the anode material, the anode material is assembled into an aluminum-air battery, the open circuit potential reaches 1.915 V, the corrosion current is 1.245 * 10 <-3 > A, the activity of an aluminum alloy anode is improved, and meanwhile hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum anode is effectively relieved; meanwhile, under the large current of 10 A, the aluminum-air battery with the alloy components can stably discharge for 450 minutes or more at the voltage of 1.1 V.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of alkaline aluminum-air batteries, and in particular relates to an aluminum alloy anode material for alkaline aluminum-air batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Aluminum is the most widely distributed and most abundant metal element in the earth's crust, accounting for about 8.2% of the total mass of the earth's crust, second only to oxygen and silicon, and higher than iron (about 5.1%), magnesium (about 2.1%) and titanium (about 0.6%) ) is more than the sum. Aluminum has a face-centered lattice structure without allotropic transformation. Because of its light weight, high strength, easy processing, and non-toxic and harmless characteristics, it is widely used in industry, agriculture, medicine, aviation, aerospace, national defense and even people's daily life. Life. [0003] Aluminum-air battery is a primary battery with aluminum and aluminum alloy as the metal anode....

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are mainly two problems in the actual application process: First, when the aluminum-air battery is discharged, in addition to the original aluminum being oxidized to trivalent aluminum, there is also a parasitic reaction, that is, the aluminum negative electrode reacts with water to precipitate hydrogen under alkaline conditions. : , this side reaction will not only generate a large amount of heat and cause the battery to heat up seriously, but also precipitate flammable and explosive hydrogen, which has certain safety hazards. Therefore, how to reduce the side reaction of the aluminum-air battery anode is the key to promoting the application and promotion of aluminum-air batteries One of the factors; the second is that metal aluminum is easy to form a layer of oxide on its surface in the atmospheric environment. Although the existence of the surface oxide film is conducive to preventing corrosion in thermodynamics, it will also make the battery potential positively shift, that is The reactivity of the aluminum anode decreases, resulting in insufficient discharge voltage in the case of constant current discharge. How to improve the reactivity of the aluminum alloy anode is another focus of aluminum-air battery research

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