Nano hollow porous silicon material as well as preparation method and application thereof

A hollow porous, silicon material technology, applied in nanotechnology, nanotechnology, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of complex preparation process of hollow silicon materials, achieve excellent electrochemical lithium storage reversibility, high cycle stability, Highly controllable effect

Pending Publication Date: 2020-11-20
GUANGDONG UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The invention provides a nano hollow porous silicon material and its preparation method and application, which solves the problem of complex preparation process of traditional hollow silicon materials

Method used

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  • Nano hollow porous silicon material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Nano hollow porous silicon material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Nano hollow porous silicon material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] see figure 1 , Schematic diagram of the synthesis of nanoporous hollow silicon materials.

[0051] 1. Dissolve 1 g of cetyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and 0.3 g of triethanolamine (TEOA) in 50 ml of deionized water, and perform ultrasonication at room temperature for 0.5 h to fully dissolve to obtain a mixture.

[0052] 2. Transfer the mixture in step 1 to an oil bath at 70° C., then add 1 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dropwise to the above system, and continue to stir and react in the constant temperature oil bath for 5 h.

[0053] 3. The reaction product in step 2 is centrifuged and washed with absolute ethanol, and dried to obtain the precursor hollow silica nanospheres.

[0054] 4. According to the chemical formula 2Mg+SiO 2 +7AlCl 3 +NaCl→Si+2MgAl 2 Cl 8 +2AlOCl+NaAlCl Calculate the amount used in the reaction, the precursor hollow silica nanospheres, aluminum chloride, sodium chloride and metal magnesium in step 3 are fully mixed in a glove box equipped...

Embodiment 2

[0058] see figure 1 , Schematic diagram of the synthesis of nanoporous hollow silicon materials.

[0059] 1. Dissolve 1 g of cetyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and 0.3 g of triethanolamine (TEOA) in 50 ml of deionized water, and perform ultrasonication at room temperature for 0.5 h to fully dissolve to obtain a mixture.

[0060] 2. Transfer the mixture in step 1 to an oil bath at 80° C., then add 5 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dropwise to the above system, and continue to stir and react in the constant temperature oil bath for 6 h.

[0061] 3. The reaction product in step 2 is centrifuged and washed with absolute ethanol, and dried to obtain the precursor hollow silica nanospheres.

[0062] 4. Fully mix the precursor hollow silica nanospheres, aluminum chloride, sodium chloride and metal magnesium in a glove box equipped with argon (Ar) in step 3, put them into a stainless steel autoclave and seal it well, The stainless steel autoclave was then transferred to a muffle f...

Embodiment 3

[0066] see figure 1 , Schematic diagram of the synthesis of nanoporous hollow silicon materials.

[0067] 1. Mix the mass of cetyl ammonium chloride, the mass of triethanolamine, and deionized water at a volume ratio of 0.5:0.1:30, and magnetically stir at room temperature for 0.5 h to fully dissolve to obtain a mixture.

[0068] 2. Transfer the mixture in step 1 to an oil bath at 80° C., then add 1 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dropwise to the above system, and continue to stir and react in the constant temperature oil bath for 6 h.

[0069] 3. The reaction product in step 2 is centrifuged and washed with absolute ethanol, and dried to obtain precursor hollow silica nanospheres with a diameter of about 400-500 nm.

[0070] 4. Fully mix the precursor hollow silica nanospheres, aluminum chloride, sodium chloride and metal magnesium with a mass ratio of 1:4.4:1.2:1 in a glove box filled with argon (Ar), and put Put it in a stainless steel autoclave and seal it well, th...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery materials, in particular to a nano hollow porous silicon material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano hollow porous silicon material. Through a low temperature molten salt method, an initial product of the hollow porous silicon material is prepared from hollow silicondioxide, aluminum chloride, magnesium powder and a heat absorber through a reduction reaction at 200-600 DEG C, the heat absorber can promote an exothermic reaction between magnesium and aluminum, formation of crystal nano-silicon is effectively guaranteed, and the purity and yield of the silicon material are further improved. Hollow silicon dioxide reacts with metal salt to generate reaction by-products, excessive Mg and other metal salt in the reaction by-products are removed through soaking and stirring of inorganic acid, then residual silicon dioxide is soaked and etched through soaking of hydrofluoric acid, and the nano-porous hollow silicon with a hollow structure and a large number of mesoporous gaps is obtained. The preparation method is simple, low in equipment requirement, low in energy consumption and high in controllability, the preparation process of nano silicon is expanded, and industrial production is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery materials, in particular to a nanometer hollow porous silicon material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are favored by researchers and enterprises because of their many advantages, such as high safety performance and environmental protection, and are widely used in electric vehicles, portable electronic products, medical equipment, etc. With the rapid development of mobile electronic devices, the market demand for lithium-ion batteries with high rate, long life and high specific capacity is also increasing. In addition, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is mainly determined by the electrode materials. The anode materials currently used in commercial lithium-ion batteries are mainly graphite. However, the specific capacity (372mAh / g) of graphite-based anode materials can no longer meet the requirements of today's social ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B33/023H01M4/134H01M4/38H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCC01B33/023H01M4/386H01M4/134H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00Y02E60/10
Inventor 郑炳河李新喜张国庆刘龙罗文
Owner GUANGDONG UNIV OF TECH
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