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Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Deposition and Its Application in Lithium Metal Batteries

A lithium metal battery and electrolyte technology, applied in non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, lithium batteries, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of metal lithium anode dendrites and poor cycle performance, and achieve improved electrical performance, increased initial capacity and Cycling stability and the effect of improving lithium metal deposition stability

Active Publication Date: 2021-10-01
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery electrolyte that can stabilize lithium deposition, which can greatly improve the problems of dendrites and poor cycle performance of the lithium metal negative electrode.

Method used

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  • Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Deposition and Its Application in Lithium Metal Batteries
  • Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Deposition and Its Application in Lithium Metal Batteries
  • Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Deposition and Its Application in Lithium Metal Batteries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Adopt the following method to configure electrolyte: in the glove box of argon atmosphere (H 2 O<0.1ppm), the organic solvent ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME): 1,3 dioxolane (DOL) (volume ratio) = 1:1 mixed with LiTFSI (1.0M), adding 1wt.% % anhydrous lithium nitrate and 1wt.% silicon nitride nanocrystals (the average particle size is 40nm), and fully stir evenly to obtain the lithium battery electrolyte of the present invention.

[0044] Battery assembly and testing: Copper foil is used as the positive electrode, lithium sheet is used as the negative electrode, Celgard2400 polypropylene separator is selected, and CR2025 button cells are assembled, and the prepared batteries are placed in a constant temperature room at 25°C for 12 hours, and then tested on the blue battery. The discharge test is carried out on the charge and discharge tester, and the test condition is 1mA / cm 2 , deposition for 120min. The surface morphology of lithium metal deposited on the curren...

Embodiment 2

[0062] Compared with Example 1, no auxiliary additives are added:

[0063] Adopt the following method to configure electrolyte: in the glove box of argon atmosphere (H 2 O<0.1ppm), the organic solvent ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME): 1,3 dioxolane (DOL) (volume ratio) = 1:1 mixed with LiTFSI (1.0M), adding 1wt.% Aluminum nitride nanocrystals (average particle size is 10nm), fully stirred evenly, used as electrolyte.

[0064] Battery assembly and testing: Copper foil is used as the positive electrode, lithium sheet is used as the negative electrode, Celgard2400 polypropylene separator is selected, and CR2025 button cells are assembled, and the prepared batteries are placed in a constant temperature room at 25°C for 12 hours, and then tested on the blue battery. The discharge test is carried out on the charge and discharge tester, and the test condition is 1mA / cm 2 , deposition for 120min. The surface morphology of lithium metal deposited on the current collector is as f...

Embodiment 3

[0070] Adopt the following method to configure electrolyte: in the glove box of argon atmosphere (H 2 (0<0.1ppm), mix the organic solvent lithium hexafluorophosphate and LiFSI (2.0M), add 2wt.% anhydrous lithium nitrate and 2wt.% aluminum nitride nanowires (diameter 5nm, wire length 200nm), fully stir , the lithium battery electrolyte of the present invention can be obtained.

[0071] Battery assembly and testing: use copper foam as the positive electrode, lithium sheet as the negative electrode, and use glass fiber separators to assemble CR2032 button batteries. After the prepared batteries are placed in a constant temperature room at 25°C for 12 hours, one of them is disassembled. Battery, image 3 It is a scanning electron microscope picture of a copper foam collector, and a charge-discharge test cycle is performed on a blue electric test charge-discharge tester, and the test condition is 5mA / cm 2 , deposition for 30min. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of lithium metal batteries, and specifically discloses an electrolyte for stable metal lithium deposition; an organic solution comprising conductive lithium salts, organic solvents and additives; the additives are nano-scale boron nitride, One or more of aluminum nitride, calcium nitride, magnesium nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, vanadium nitride, tungsten nitride, niobium nitride, and tantalum nitride. The present invention also includes the application of the electrolyte and a lithium metal battery containing the electrolyte. The electrolyte solution of the invention has simple formula, low cost and is suitable for large-scale industrialization. The electrolyte solution of the present invention can realize uniform lithium deposition, effectively avoid lithium dendrites in the charging and discharging process, and greatly improve its cycle performance and safety performance. The electrolyte solution can be used in lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-air batteries and other energy storage devices with metal lithium as the negative electrode to achieve long-term cycle stability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolytic solution for stable metal lithium deposition, which belongs to the field of energy storage materials and nanotechnology. Background technique [0002] As people's demand for energy storage equipment is getting higher and higher, and the energy density requirements for lithium-ion batteries are also getting higher and higher. At present, traditional lithium-ion batteries can no longer meet the requirements for high-energy-density storage equipment. Industrialized lithium-ion batteries The energy density of the current positive and negative electrode materials is close to the theoretical energy density, and it is difficult to increase it further. With its ultra-low electrochemical potential and ultra-high specific energy, lithium is known as the "Holy Grail" negative electrode material. Lithium ternary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and lithium-oxygen batteries with lithium metal as the negative electrode ha...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/052
CPCH01M10/052H01M10/0567H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 赖延清洪波高春晖向前范海林
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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