Device and method for testing friction sensitivity of explosives and powders

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and provides a device and method for testing the friction sensitivity of explosives and powders. The testing device comprises a sample loading system, an explosion chamber, a pendulum bob mechanism, a temperature and humidity control system, a pressure loading system, and a rack. According to the invention, the influences of the temperature, humidity, speed and pressure are considered comprehensively, the influence of adverse factors of friction loss is reduced, the test control of temperature and humidity is increased, and the accuracy and controllability of speed are improved; and the influence of contact materials and surface roughness is also considered. More comprehensive and accurate friction sensitivity data can be obtained, and the influence of all parameters on friction safety in the actual explosive production and processing technology is reflected. The device and method are suitable for various explosive monomer semi-finished products, new components, new formulas, new types, medicaments, slurries and tablets. Friction sensitivity data obtained through the method can also be used for supporting and guiding mathematical model establishment, numerical calculation, analog simulation, new formulas, new equipment, new processes and other research and development work.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and relates to a testing device and method for propellant and explosive friction sensitivity. Background technique [0002] Explosives are flammable and explosive materials, which are highly dangerous materials. Due to the various production processes, and the components of the powder are mostly fine-grained, in the preparation, production and processing stages, the components and materials, materials and equipment There will inevitably be friction between them. These frictions may generate instantaneous accumulation of energy, detonate components with low explosive points, and further cause safety accidents. The friction sensitivity of pyrotechnics reflects the degree of difficulty of pyrotechnics burning or exploding under the action of friction. In order to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment during production and processing, it is necessary to master the fricti...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, the existing friction sensitivity test devices and methods cannot fully simulate the actual process in terms of environment and friction form, and cannot accommodate and solve the friction safety problems caused by various process links in the production and processing of propellant and explosives. The test results are The results cannot directly reflect the friction sensitivity of explosives in the actual production process.

In addition, the development of numerical calculation and simulation technology in the field of explosives production and processing requires a large amount of safety data as technical support, and the existing simulation results have not established an actual connection with the friction sensitivity, and cannot directly reflect the friction sensitivity in the production and processing process , and then it is impossible to directly judge the safety of the production and processing process; moreover, it is difficult to match the experimental data obtained by the existing friction sensitivity instrument with the simulation results, and it is difficult to obtain the approval of the actual production department in the end.

[0005] Specifically, the existing friction sensitivity test devices and methods only consider the influence of load, pressure, and speed on the friction sensitivity of the sample, and lack of temperature and humidity test conditions that affect the friction sensitivity. Control; and for the amount of the tested sample And the arrangement shape is not strictly controlled, the amount of the sample determines the energy required for detonation, and the arrangement shape of the sample determines the friction contact surface, so strict control is necessary to ensure the test accuracy of friction sensitivity

In the Kozlov friction pendulum test, the friction contact is fixed, the shape of the sample is easier to control, the load adjustment is simple, and at the same time the friction coefficient and the friction force of explosion can be measured, which is a relatively good test method; but the pendulum The impact force is transmitted to the top column through the rod, and there will be a certain energy loss between the moving and fixed parts; in addition, the momentum generated by the pendulum falling at a certain starting angle is related to its speed and weight. If it is not taken into account, the pendulum will rebound after hitting the rod, and part of the energy of the rebound should also be considered as energy loss; the lower end of the upper top column is in contact with the sample, while the upper end is in contact with the fixed machine base. Contact, the friction loss between the upper jack column and the fixed machine base also affects the friction of the upper jack column loaded on the sample; therefore, the specific loading speed, friction and energy of the sample cannot be accurately determined, and ultimately Actually reflect the influence of pressure and speed on the friction sensitivity of the sample

The BAM tribometer uses a special porcelain rod and porcelain plate, and the porcelain material in contact with the sample cannot reflect the friction between the steel parts and the sample in the actual processing process; and the contact surface between the porcelain rod and the porcelain plate is not special. Considering that it cannot be combined with the actual processing process; in addition, the changing speed of the reciprocating movement of the porcelain plate cannot reflect the influence of the speed on the friction sensitivity of the sample; moreover, the contact between the porcelain rod and the sample is almost point contact, and its friction properties are similar to the actual Processing status does not match

The fixed wheel is used in the ABL tribometer test, the position and thickness of the sample are not easy to be strictly controlled, and the contact surface with the sample is also special, and it cannot be combined with the actual processing process; in addition, there is also the problem of energy loss caused by the impact of the pendulum

Large friction pendulum is mainly used for testing larger samples, more suitable for measuring the friction sensitivity of industrial explosives, there is no pressure loading and measurement, and the position of the sample has a greater impact on the test results, and the equipment is bulky

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