High-efficiency treatment method for heavy metal solid waste and treatment furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency treatment method for heavy metal solid waste and a treatment furnace. The treatment furnace internally provided with a smelting zone, a reducing zone and a clarification separating zone is adopted, and the furnace cylinder depth of the clarification separating zone is large; undercurrent jet combustors horizontally inserted into a slag layer are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a molten pool of the smelting zone; the reducing zone is provided with a plurality of reducing spraying guns vertically inserted into melt from the furnace body top and adjustable in insert-in depth; the reaction atmosphere is completely isolated between the smelting zone and the reducing zone through a partition wall; materials are continuously added into the smelting zone from a material adding port, oxygen-rich air and fuel are sprayed in from a primary air port of the smelting zone, the process of melting of materials, decomposition and desulfurization of sulfate, slag making and reducing of part of metal is completed, and the melt flows into the reducing zone from a channel below the partition wall; and the reducing spraying guns are used for spraying pulverized coal into the melt so that heavy metal oxide in the melt is reduced into metal to enter a metal phase, the melt flows into the clarification separating zone to form obvious phase interfaces for corresponding discharging, and harmless and comprehensive recycling of resource of the heavy metal solid waste is completed in the treatment furnace.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of environmental protection and resource recycling, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency treatment method and a treatment furnace for heavy metal solid waste. Background technique [0002] Waste slag, dust, sludge from non-ferrous metal smelting, and solid waste such as electroplating sludge and pickling sludge from the metal surface treatment industry, which contain heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tin, antimony or Unstable compounds are identified as hazardous solid waste. [0003] For a long time, the whereabouts of these solid wastes are various, some are disposed of locally, some are stored for a long time, some are landfilled, and some are transferred across provinces. Generally speaking, those solid wastes with high valuable metal content, large quantities and low risk will be treated on the spot. For example, the leaching slag of conventional hydrometallurgy contains 20% ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] The second is that a large amount of flux needs to be added for slagging during the smelting process, resulting in an increase in the amount of processed materials, increased energy consumption, increased metals taken away, and reduced metal recovery rate

[0011] One is that the melt below the burner is relatively static, so that the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the melt below is very low. The heat of the metal phase mainly depends on the liquid metal generated by the reaction moving down and the heat conduction transfer of the melt. The metal production speed And the thermal conductivity of the melt directly determines how much heat the metal phase gets, thus determining the temperature of the metal phase

[0012] Second, a highly viscous diaphragm layer is easily formed at the height of the phase interface. The main component of the diaphragm layer is metal oxide, which affects the generated liquid metal and moves down into the metal phase, resulting in deterioration of the furnace condition.

And because the metal content is low, the thermal conductivity of the melt is poor, so that the temperature at the bottom of the molten pool is low, so that the metal phase at the bottom of the molten pool appears to be stuck and does not flow. The applicant has taken many measures for this before, such as reducing The depth of the molten pool; the use of high and low hearth; the use of high and low nozzles, etc., but these measures cannot fundamentally solve this problem

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