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Method for treating rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals

A low-grade fluorite ore technology, applied in rare earth metal compounds, chemical instruments and methods, rare earth metal sulfate, etc., can solve the problems of thorium mineral decomposition and activation, dihydrate gypsum products with excessive radioactivity, and inability to decompose fluorine-containing minerals, etc. , to ensure the effect of recycling

Active Publication Date: 2019-02-22
BAOTOU RES INST OF RARE EARTHS +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

If the above-mentioned process is used to treat low-grade fluorite minerals containing rare earths in Baiyun Obo, although CaF 2 Decomposition of hydrofluoric acid, but because other fluorine-containing minerals, such as bastnaesite, etc. cannot be decomposed, rare earth resources are wasted, and the recovery rate of fluorine resources is reduced.
And because bastnaesite contains radioactive thorium nuclides, the decomposition process of sulfuric acid will cause the decomposition and activation of some thorium minerals, resulting in excessive radioactivity of dihydrate gypsum products
At the same time, the disordered direction of other gangue mineral impurities also has a negative impact on the decomposition process and product quality

Method used

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  • Method for treating rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals
  • Method for treating rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] Select low-grade fluorspar ores containing rare earths (including CaF 2 80.2%, REO-containing 4.9%), get 100g of the above minerals and 714g initial mass percent concentration of 70% sulfuric acid solution mixed (sulfuric acid and mineral mass ratio is 5:1), the first step reaction temperature control 100 ~ 110°C, stirring and reacting for 90 minutes, the second step reaction temperature control 150-160°C, stirring and reacting for 30 minutes, the tail gas is condensed and absorbed by the tail gas system to obtain hydrofluoric acid. After the reaction is finished, filter and wash, filter the residue with 200ml of water for leaching, filter and wash to obtain water extract and gypsum, and neutralize and remove impurities in the water extract to obtain rare earth sulfate solution and iron thorium slag. After testing, the decomposition rate of F is 98.3%, the decomposition rate of REO is 98.6%, and the radioactivity of the obtained gypsum is 5.7×10 2 Bq / kg. The acidity o...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Select low-grade fluorspar ores containing rare earths (including CaF 2 84.7%, containing REO is 3.6%), get 100g of the above minerals and 500g initial mass percent concentration of 60% sulfuric acid solution mixed (sulfuric acid and mineral weight ratio is 3:1), the first step reaction temperature control 110 ~ 120°C, stirring and reacting for 60 minutes, the second step reaction temperature control 120-130°C, stirring and reacting for 60 minutes, the tail gas is condensed and absorbed by the tail gas system to obtain hydrofluoric acid. After the reaction is finished, filter and wash, filter the residue with 200ml of water for leaching, filter and wash to obtain water extract and gypsum, and neutralize and remove impurities in the water extract to obtain rare earth sulfate solution and iron thorium slag. After testing, the decomposition rate of F is 99.1%, the decomposition rate of REO is 88.7%, and the radioactivity of the obtained gypsum is 4.6×10 2 Bq / kg. The acid...

Embodiment 3

[0031] Select low-grade fluorspar ores containing rare earths (including CaF 2 87.9%, containing REO is 2.2%), get 100g of the above minerals and 400g initial mass percentage concentration of 50% sulfuric acid solution and mix (the weight ratio of sulfuric acid to minerals is 2:1), the first step reaction temperature control 110~ 120°C, stirring and reacting for 30 minutes, the second step reaction temperature control 140-150°C, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes, the tail gas is condensed and absorbed by the tail gas system to obtain hydrofluoric acid. After the reaction is finished, filter and wash, filter the residue with 200ml of water for leaching, filter and wash to obtain water extract and gypsum, and neutralize and remove impurities in the water extract to obtain rare earth sulfate solution and iron thorium slag. After testing, the decomposition rate of F is 98.7%, the decomposition rate of REO is 99.3%, and the radioactivity of the obtained gypsum is 3.4×10 2 Bq / kg...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals, and belongs to the field of hydrometallurgy. The rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals areused as a target, and provides a method for performing program temperature control segmented slurry decomposition treatment by adopting an absolute excess sulfuric acid solution, a low-temperature section is controlled to preferentially decompose the fluorite minerals, then raising the temperature to decompose the rare earth minerals. The hydrofluoric acid is recycled from tail gas, the reacted acid leaching slag is leached with water to obtain the rare earth, neutralization and thorium removal are carried out to recover the rare earth and the gypsum which is reach the radioactive standard, and the acid leaching solution is used for circularly decomposing the new fluorite minerals after supplementing sulfuric acid. According to the method for treating rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals, CaF2 and fluorine-carbon cerium ore in the rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals reach a relatively high decomposition rate through the program temperature control slurryingreaction, the consumption of sulfuric acid is low, the purity of the hydrofluoric acid recovered from the tail gas is high, hydrofluoric acid, gypsum and a sulfuric acid rare-earth solution are obtained, the comprehensively utilize of fluorine, calcium and rare earth resources in the rare-earth-containing low-grade fluorite minerals is realized, The whole process has no three-waste pollution and is clean and environment-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hydrometallurgy technology, in particular to a method for processing low-grade fluorite ore containing rare earth. Background technique [0002] Baiyun Obo Minerals is a large-scale multi-element comprehensive deposit of iron, rare earth, niobium, fluorite, etc. More than 190 kinds of minerals and 71 kinds of elements were found in the whole mining area. Baiyun Obo resources are mined in accordance with the selection of iron and rare earth, and then the selection of fluorite and niobium minerals. Restricted by the sorting process of rare earth minerals and the complexity of minerals, low-grade fluorite concentrate CaF 2 The grade is only 80%-90% (the composition is shown in Table 1), and it is difficult to obtain high-grade fluorspar concentrate. After research and analysis, the impurity minerals in fluorite concentrate are mainly rare earth-containing bastnaesite, apatite and other minerals, and the flotation performance o...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B3/08C22B3/04C22B59/00C01B7/19C01F17/00C04B11/00
CPCC01B7/192C04B11/00C22B3/04C22B3/08C22B59/00C01F17/282Y02P10/20
Inventor 崔建国李波王哲侯睿恩徐萌陈禹夫高婷田皓张洋申孟林郝肖丽
Owner BAOTOU RES INST OF RARE EARTHS
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