Laser cladding method and device for metal round rod surface

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of laser cladding, and discloses a method and device for laser cladding of the surface of a metal round rod. A laser is prepared; a laser cladding nozzle of the laser is located near the peripheral surface of the end of the metal round rod, so that the metal round rod can move at a uniform speed in the axial direction while rotating at a uniform speed, and the movement trajectory of the laser cladding nozzle relative to the metal round rod is a spiral line along the surface of the metal round rod. The method of laser cladding on the surface of the metal roundrod subverts a traditional idea of cladding by moving the laser cladding nozzle, but a way that the laser cladding nozzle is stationary while the metal round rod moves in a straight line and in a whirling way simultaneously is adopted. Therefore, the final cladding layer on the surface of the metal round rod is a spiral line and the performance of the cladding connection part is stable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a method and device for laser cladding on the surface of a metal round bar. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding refers to placing the selected coating material on the surface of the cladding substrate in different ways of adding materials, irradiating it with laser to melt it and a thin layer on the surface of the substrate at the same time, and forming a very low dilution after rapid solidification. The surface coating that is metallurgically combined with the substrate is a process method that significantly improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the base surface, so as to achieve the purpose of surface modification or repair, and can meet the specific needs of the material surface. Performance requirements, but also save a lot of precious elements. [0003] In the traditional laser ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the traditional laser cladding process, a low-power laser is usually used for cladding, and its power is generally 3,000 to 5,000 watts. During the cladding process, the laser cladding nozzle moves along the axial direction of the cladding (cylindrical) , while the cladding part only rotates, but the laser cladding nozzle may vibrate greatly during the moving process, resulting in unhealthy problems such as uneven powder feeding. When the vibration frequency is high, it is necessary to install a shock absorber. In addition, laser cladding The amount of powder sprayed out by the nozzle is small, and the line of the laser cladding nozzle on the surface of the cladding part is as thin as a "ballpoint pen line". As a result, each cladding range is small, the time is long, and the cladding efficiency is low. Moreover, the performance of the cladding connection part is poor, which cannot really meet the requirements of the cladding parts.

[0004] In addition, the laser cladding process in the prior art is mainly aimed at cylindrical parts with large diameters. For the time being, there is no cladding method and device specifically for cladding metal round rods with slender features. When cladding a cylindrical part, the cladding powder stays on the surface of the cylindrical part for a long time and is easy to be clad, while the metal round rod is limited by its small diameter shape characteristics, such as copying the laser cladding process for cylindrical parts , the contact time between the cladding powder and the surface of the metal round rod will be very short, and it is difficult to be completely clad on the surface of the metal round rod in a short time, so the surface of the metal round rod obtained by cladding will have a large area in an unclad state , and in the process of laser cladding metal round rods, it often causes a lot of waste of precious powder

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