Preparation method and application of nanometer magnesium oxide composite material

A technology of nano-magnesia and composite materials, which is applied in the field of preparation of nano-magnesia composite materials, which can solve the problems of poor selectivity, large floor space, and large energy consumption, and achieve simple and easy-to-control steps, low environmental risks, and high adsorption efficiency. high effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-11-20
NEIJIANG NORMAL UNIV +1
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The different precipitants used in the chemical precipitation method have their own advantages and disadvantages. The hydroxide precipitation method is widely used in the treatment of lead-containing wastewater with high concentration and large water volume, but it occupies a large area, has poor selectivity and high cost, and has a large amount of sludge. Improper treatment can easily cause secondary pollution; the amount of precipitant used in the sulfide precipitation method is small, and the moisture content of the sediment is low, but the sulfide precipitation is small and easy to colloid, and itself is toxic, which may produce hydrogen sulfide gas and cause secondary pollution ; Due to its stable chemical properties, the ferrite precipitation method generally does not cause secondary pollution, but it requires heating and consumes a lot of energy
The ion exchange method is a method of separating harmful substances in wastewater by using ion exchangers. Its advantages are high removal rate, lead-containing wastewater can meet the discharge standards, long service life of ion exchangers, reusable, small footprint, but The disadvantage is that the concentration of lead-containing wastewater to be treated should not be too high, and the adsorption capacity of the ion exchanger is limited, so it needs to be continuously regenerated
At present, the common adsorbents include activated carbon, zeolite, diatomite, montmorillonite, etc. and their modified materials. These adsorbents have large specific surface area and microporous structure, and have certain adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions, but the adsorption performance limited, the adsorption capacity of each gram of adsorption material is at the level of tens of milligrams; in addition, there are ion exchange resins and new composite materials that can be used for the adsorption of lead ions, and their adsorption properties are good, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages, such as The cost of agent preparation is relatively high, or there are certain environmental safety issues, etc.

Method used

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  • Preparation method and application of nanometer magnesium oxide composite material
  • Preparation method and application of nanometer magnesium oxide composite material
  • Preparation method and application of nanometer magnesium oxide composite material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Take a water-soluble resin with a mass ratio of 5% and dissolve it in 30% water, then add 20% corn stalks, 20% nano-magnesium oxide, 20% kaolin and 5% gelatin in turn, mix well, and dry it at 300°C Calcined for 2 hours, composite material 1 was obtained.

[0030] Weigh a certain amount of composite material 1 respectively and place in the conical flask, add 100mg / L of Pb 2+ Solution, so that the addition amount of composite material 1 is 0.4g / L, 0.8g / L, 1.2g / L, 1.6g / L and 2.0g / L respectively, placed on a magnetic stirrer to stir and absorb, and the speed is 250r / min , after 30 minutes of adsorption, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, each treatment was repeated 3 times, and the Pb in the solution before and after adsorption was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry 2+ concentration.

[0031] The result shows as figure 1 , when the addition of composite material 1 is 0.4g / L, Pb 2+ The adsorption rate is about 90%, after adding 0.8g / L, Pb 2+ The ...

Embodiment 2

[0033] Take 5% water-soluble resin by mass and dissolve it in 30% water, then add 30% nano-magnesia, 20% kaolin, 10% corn stalks, and 5% gelatin in sequence, mix well, and after drying, 400 Calcined at ℃ for 1 h to obtain composite material 2.

[0034] Adopt 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide and 0.1mol / L nitric acid solution to make 100mg / L Pb 2+The solution was adjusted to pH 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively, and a certain amount of composite material 2 was weighed in Pb with different pH values. 2+ solution, so that the amount of addition is 0.8g / L, magnetic stirring is carried out at a speed of 250r / min, after adsorption for 30min, it is filtered through a 0.45μm filter membrane, each treatment is repeated 3 times, and the solution before and after adsorption is measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Medium Pb 2+ concentration.

[0035] The result shows as figure 2 , when the pH value of the solution is between 3 and 8, Pb 2+ The adsorption rate is about 100%, ...

Embodiment 3

[0037] Take a water-soluble resin with a mass ratio of 10% and dissolve it in 20% water, then add 15% kaolin, 10% corn stalks, 40% nano-magnesium oxide and 5% gelatin in turn, mix well, and dry it at 450°C Calcined for 1 h, composite material 3 was obtained.

[0038] Prepare 100mg / L, 150mg / L, 200mg / L, 250mg / L, 300mg / L, 350mg / L and 400mg / L Pb respectively 2+ Solution, weigh a certain amount of composite material 3 and add different concentrations of Pb 2+ In the solution, make the addition amount 0.8g / L, carry out magnetic stirring, the speed is 250r / min, after adsorption for 30min, filter through 0.45μm filter membrane, each treatment is repeated 3 times, adopt atomic absorption spectrophotometry to measure adsorption Pb in solution 2+ concentration.

[0039] The result shows as image 3 A, △ is the adsorption rate curve, ○ is the adsorption capacity curve, when Pb 2+ When the concentration is 100-200mg / L, Pb 2+ The adsorption amount of Pb increases with the increase of ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of nanometer magnesium oxide composite material, and application thereof for removing lead ion in waste water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 10-40% of nanometer magnesium oxide, 10-30% of plant fiber, 10-30% of kaolin, 5-10% of gelatin, 5-10% of water-soluble resin, and 20-30% of water in proportion, drying, and the roasting for 30-240min at 200-600 DEG C, thereby obtaining the composite material. The obtained composite material is used for adsorbing Pb<2+> in the waste water, and the maximum adsorbing capacity can achieve 280mg/g. The nanometer magnesium oxide composite material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being cheap and easy to obtain, high in adsorption efficiency, and small in environmentrisk.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of preparation and application of environment-friendly materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a nano-magnesia composite material and its application in wastewater treatment. Background technique [0002] Lead-containing wastewater mainly comes from industries such as lead-acid batteries, electroplating, printing, ceramics, mining and non-ferrous metal smelting. With the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the restrictions on the discharge of lead-containing wastewater are becoming more and more stringent. The total lead discharge limit of battery industrial wastewater has been lowered from 0.7mg / L to 0.5mg / L since January 1, 2016, and the total lead limit in the inorganic chemical industry pollutant discharge standard has also been lowered from 1.0 to 0.5mg / L since July 1, 2017. The mg / L was lowered to 0.5mg / L, while the pollutant discharge requirement for secondar...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/20C02F1/28C02F101/20
CPCB01J20/041B01J20/20C02F1/283C02F2101/20
Inventor 张金洋郑小刚付孝锦刘勇刘敏孙艺栖何艾红
Owner NEIJIANG NORMAL UNIV
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