Balanced telescopic full hydraulic drilling and cutting device for soft and hard formations

Abstract

The invention provides a balanced retractable whole water pressure drilling and cutting device for soft and hard stratums and belongs to the technical fields of underground construction rock and earthmass drilling and cutting and underground construction disaster preventing and reducing. The balanced retractable whole water pressure drilling and cutting device includes a power system, a sensing system, a control system, a pressurization system, a balanced retractable system, a sludge discharging system, a supporting and protecting system, a pressure pipeline system and a drilling and cuttingsystem. The device can provide ultrastrong high water pressure to be used as a drilling and cutting power source, and the different soft and hard stratums can be accurately drilled and cut; the drilling and cutting force applied into the hard earth stratum area of a drilling and cutting head is controlled in a quantitative mode and is increased at real time, the drilling and cutting force in the soft earth stratum area can be kept constant, and the stability and accuracy of whole drilling and cutting construction are guaranteed; and the drilling and cutting force in the soft and hard stratumsof the different areas can be fed back quickly in a quantitative mode and information assurance is provided for ensuring that deviation of pile positions does not occur during the underground construction drilling and cutting construction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering rock and soil drilling, cutting and underground engineering disaster prevention and mitigation, and in particular relates to a balanced telescopic full hydraulic pressure drilling and cutting device for soft and hard strata. Background technique [0002] The main difficulty in the drilling and cutting construction of underground engineering is how to quickly drill and cut through various complex and changeable engineering geology, especially the engineering geology with uneven softness and hardness. This is because the stratum with uneven hardness and softness is a kind of heterogeneous stratum with complex and changeable geology, which has the characteristics of undulating topography and landform, and complex and diverse stratum lithology. Underground engineering construction in this type of formation is different from a single soft formation and hard formation. Due to the large d...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Underground engineering construction in this type of formation is different from a single soft formation and hard formation. Due to the large difference in stiffness between the soft formation and the hard formation, the drilling and cutting speed and the reaction force of the drilling and cutting tool on different soft and hard formations are not equal. , so that the drillability of soft and hard formations is different from that of single soft and hard formations, resulting in the drilling and cutting force of the drilling construction surface is more difficult to control than in single soft and hard formations, so it often occurs in the process of underground engineering construction Quality accidents such as pile position deviation, loose pile concrete segregation, cracks, mud inclusions, surface settlement, underground pipeline damage, and surface buildings tilting or collapsing

Existing drilling devices for soft and hard formation mainly include super large diameter shield cutter head, shield scraper, shield machine tool, PDC bit, geophysical scour bit, etc. The cutting device is mainly rock-socketed pile air-pressure-controlled cutting, but shield drilling devices such as super-large-diameter shield cutterhead, shield scraper, shield machine tool, etc. are bulky and expensive. Drilling devices such as engineering survey drilling devices have small hole diameters, blade distribution angles and cutter distribution settings are unreasonable, and when rock-socketed piles are controlled by air pressure to cut soft and hard strata, the cutting force of the cutting surface cannot change in real time with the stratum. needs improvement

Therefore, the existing drilling and cutting devices for the construction of soft and hard formations are mainly single drilling devices and cutting devices, lacking a composite drilling and cutting device with both drilling and cutting functions.

[0003] Chinese patent CN106907158A is a super-large diameter shield drilling and cutting system for soft and hard uneven strata, including large cutterhead, medium cutterhead, small cutterhead, spokes, panels, hobs, cutters, leading cutters, center cutters, Stirring rods, reducers, hydraulic motors, power transmission devices, shields, and screw excavation devices, but the layout of the drilling and cutting system is that the multi-layer cutter head space is staggered, and the cost is expensive. When the cutter head encounters soft and hard strata for drilling construction However, due to the limitation of the overall structure of the front cutter head of the shield machine, the shield machine can only be driven into soft and hard areas by controlling various cutter heads, and it is difficult to effectively control the drilling and cutting forces of the corresponding cutting surfaces in different layers of soft and hard layers. , at the same time it cannot cut hard formations in soft and hard formations

[0004] Chinese patent CN206495679U is a kind of shield scraper used in soft and hard uneven formations. There is a hard alloy on the back of the body, and a wear-resistant alloy layer on the cutting edge of the cutter body. However, the shield scraper is mainly to enhance its impact resistance in bad formations, and the cost is high, so it cannot guarantee the protection of soft and hard formations. The accuracy of the main structure during construction cannot be used for drilling and cutting rock and soil in soft and hard formations

[0005] Chinese patent CN204552753U is a shield machine tool suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, including multiple tool combinations installed on the cutter head. The tool combination includes hobs and cutting knives. The shaft of the hob is equipped with sensors. The rear part is fixedly installed on the cutter head, and the rear part of the cutter is installed on the cutter head through a base with a hydraulic expansion device. The base can move back and forth along the shield machine axis, but the shield machine tool is limited The front cutterhead of the shield machine is an integral structure, which can only be drilled into the rock and soil by controlling the hob and cutter, and cannot accurately adjust the penetration of the shield cutterhead during construction in various strata such as soft stratum, hard stratum, and soft-hard stratum. The drilling force of the surface is high, and the cost is high, and the hard formation in the soft and hard formation cannot be cut

[0006] Chinese patent CN203891774U is a five-blade PDC drill bit suitable for soft and hard formations, including a drill body and five blades protruding from the crown of the drill body, and several grooves for discharging debris are formed between the blades , the drill bit drills holes by adjusting the distribution angle of the blade and the distribution of the main cutting teeth on the blade. It cannot guarantee the stress uniformity of the main structure in soft and hard formations, and cannot be used for drilling and cutting in soft and hard formations in rock and soil.

This device is mainly aimed at the stress situation when cutting soft and hard rocks. It maintains constant pressure on the soft rocks that are drilled and applies air pressure to the hard rocks that are not fully cut. The problem of real-time adjustment of the cutting force on the cutting surface of different formations such as strata, and the rapid discharge of chips when cutting soft and hard formations cannot be solved, especially hard formations cannot be cut, and the force uniformity of the cutting device cannot be maintained

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