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Composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nano particles as well as preparation method and application thereof

A nanoparticle and silicon powder technology, applied in the field of silicon powder, can solve problems such as affecting the cycle life of lithium batteries, and achieve the effects of promoting charge and mass transfer, relieving stress, and high bulk density

Active Publication Date: 2018-06-19
QINGDAO UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The invention proposes a composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application, which solves the problem that the volume expansion of silicon negative electrode materials in the prior art is serious during the lithiation process and affects the cycle life of lithium batteries

Method used

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  • Composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nano particles as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nano particles as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nano particles as well as preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0036] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) get industrial aluminum, industrial silicon and modifier, and set aside;

[0038] 2) Heat the industrial aluminum until it melts, add industrial silicon and a modifier, mix evenly, and keep it warm for 15-90 minutes at 570-850°C to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0039] 3) cooling and molding the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) at a cooling rate of 0.1-100° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0040] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in an inorganic acid with a mass concentration of 5-10%, and chemically etching it for 100-120 hours to obtain the etched aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0041] 5) taking the corroded aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 4), soaking, stirring, and standing for 4-150h;

[0042] 6) Take the supernatant m...

Embodiment 1

[0048] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0049] 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight percentages: 99.0% of industrial aluminum, 0.9% of industrial silicon, and 0.6% of modificator, for future use, wherein the modificator is Sb;

[0050] 2) Put industrial aluminum in an induction furnace, heat it to melt, add industrial silicon and modifier, mix evenly, and keep it warm for 15 minutes at 850°C to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0051] 3) cooling and molding the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) in a clay crucible with a diameter of 50 mm at a cooling rate of 0.1° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0052] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in dilute sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 5%, and chemically etching it for 100 hours to obtain the etched alum...

Embodiment 2

[0057] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0058] 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight percentages: 85.1% of industrial aluminum, 14.8% of industrial silicon, 0.1% of modificator, and set aside, wherein the modificator is Sr;

[0059] 2) Put the aluminum powder in a resistance furnace, heat it until it melts, add industrial silicon and a modifier, mix well, and keep it at 750°C for 90 minutes to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0060] 3) cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) in a graphite crucible with a diameter of 5 mm at a cooling rate of 100° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0061] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in dilute hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 10%, and chemically etching it for 120 hours to obtain the etched aluminum-s...

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Abstract

The invention provides composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nano particles as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite silicon powder provided by the invention is prepared from a silicon particle matrix and aluminum-rich naon particles, wherein the size of the silicon particle matrix is 0.2 to 3 micrometers, and a radius of the aluminum-rich nano particles is3 to 10 nm; and the composite silicon powder is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percent: 85.1 to 99.0 percent of industrial aluminum, 0.9 to 14.8 percent of industrial silicon, and 0.1 to 0.6 percent of alterant. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite silicon powder. The method comprises the following steps: melting raw materials, cooling, shaping, chemically corroding, standing, centrifuging and drying, thus obtaining the composite silicon powder. The composite silicon powder with the interior of the silicon powder embedding the aluminum-rich nano particles is novel in structure, capable of reducing the hardness of the silicon powder and small in particle size, the preparation process is simple and controllable, low in cost, capable of beingapplied to a lithium ion battery negative material and forming a nano channel, and capable of improving the primary discharging capacity and cycling performance of a lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silicon powder, in particular to a composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The traditional lithium battery negative electrode material is mainly graphite. However, the specific capacity of graphite is small, which makes it difficult for traditional lithium batteries to meet the requirements of large capacity and low weight lithium batteries for electric vehicles and mobile electronic devices. Silicon is a new lithium battery anode material and one of the most promising lithium battery anode materials. However, due to the poor conductivity of composite silicon powder, the volume expansion during lithiation is serious, resulting in pulverization and poor cycle life, which limits its application in lithium battery anode materials. [0003] In order to improve the performance of composite silicon powder in li...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 王薇郭凤祥王瑶唐建国刘继宪黄林军焦吉庆王彦欣李海东王久兴沈文飞李磊
Owner QINGDAO UNIV
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