A non-precious metal mercury-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-noble metal mercury-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: 1) preparing a mixed solution of a copper salt, an ammonium salt and phosphoric acid, or a mixed solution of a copper salt, an ammonium salt and phosphate; 2) adding activated carbon into the mixed solution obtained in step 1 for soaking; 3) spin-drying the soaked activated carbon, and conducting heating and drying to obtain the catalyst. Through the synergistic effect of multiple components, the catalyst prepared by the method provided by the invention acquires good catalytic stability and high low-temperature activity, and under a reaction temperature of 130DEG C and the existing mercury catalyst running pressure condition and feeding intensity, more than 96% of conversion per pass and more than 99% of vinyl chloride selectivity can be obtained. As the technical conditions of the catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction are similar to those of the existing mercury catalyst, renovation of existing equipment is unnecessary, and the mercury catalyst can be replaced easily on the existing equipment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of chemical production, in particular to a non-precious metal mercury-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Vinyl chloride (VCM) is a monomer for synthesizing polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC). PVC is one of the five general-purpose resins and occupies a very important position in the world. At present, VCM production routes are mainly divided into ethylene method and acetylene method according to different sources of raw materials. Foreign countries mainly adopt the ethylene method derived from the petrochemical route, while my country's unique resource and energy structure of "rich coal, poor oil, and little gas" determines that the production of vinyl chloride mainly adopts the acetylene method. That is, starting from coal, acetylene is obtained through calcium carbide, and then vinyl chloride is obtained through acetylene hydrochlor...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the mercury catalyst has the following disadvantages during use: 1) the reaction speed of mercury chloride to acetylene synthesis vinyl chloride is fast, the reaction is intense, and it is difficult to control; 2) under the reaction temperature condition, the sublimation of mercury chloride causes the catalyst active component 3) mercuric chloride is a highly toxic substance, which is harmful to human health due to sublimation in the production process, and has a large environmental pollution

The aforementioned researchers have done a lot of work in this area, and there are a lot of attempts on various metals and various ligands. However, due to the wide coverage and heavy workload, it is difficult to break through for a while, and the research results obtained before are not very effective. Satisfactory, the mercury-free catalyst prepared according to the current preparation technology cannot meet the requirements of industrialization for the time being

[0016] In summary, although noble metal catalysts have higher reactivity and vinyl chloride selectivity, the cost is very high and it is difficult to realize large-scale industrial production; although the cost of mercury-free non-precious metal catalysts is lower than that of noble metal catalysts, the preparation of the prior art Catalyst activity and stability still have a certain gap from industrialization

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