Three-dimensional printer and printing method and three-dimensional printing head

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printer, a three-dimensional printing head and a printing method. The three-dimensional printing head comprises a material volume cavity, wherein a screw rod is arranged in the material volume cavity, a motor is connected with the screw rod, a material supply device is communicated with the material volume cavity, a printing nozzle is arranged on the end part of the material volume cavity, a heater is arranged on the material volume cavity and positioned between the material supply device and the printing nozzle, and a supercritical fluid supply system is communicated with the material volume cavity. A molten printing material is mixed with supercritical fluid to generate a single-phase molten mixture under the mixing and stirring effect of the screw rod, and a uniform microporous bubble formation effect is formed, so that the density value of a printing object can be reduced, the size deviation of the three-dimensional printing object can be alleviated, the flatness and straightness of the three-dimensional printing object can be improved by more than 50 percent, the temperature for printing the molten printing material is effectively lowered, the energy is saved, and the operation personnel is prevented from being scalded.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of three-dimensional printers, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional printer for three-dimensional molding by screw extrusion, a three-dimensional printing head and a printing method of the printer. Background technique [0002] Rapid prototyping technology can be used in the forming process of three-dimensional (3D) printing to realize the manufacture of three-dimensional objects through the conversion process of computer data. Generally, 3D printing rapid prototyping technologies mainly include three types: Stereolithography, Laminated Object Manufacturing and Selective Deposition Modeling (SDM). Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a technical process belonging to selective deposition modeling (SDM). At this stage, FDM 3D printers usually use thermoplastic polymer materials to be extruded from the printing nozzle in a molten state, solidified to form a thin layer of contour shape, and then stacked layer b...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, a 3D printer using ABS material requires the heating temperature of the print head to reach 220°C, while a 3D printer using PLA material requires the heating temperature of the print head to reach 205°C, which requires a lot of heat to melt the material, resulting in overheating. A lot of energy is wasted, and the temperature of the print head is too high and it is easy to cause burns

In addition, when the 3D printer extrudes an object, the printing speed is very slow because the high-temperature molten wire needs to be gradually cooled and solidified.

In addition, due to the wire drawing effect produced by the printing wire on the surface of the printed object, the surface of the printed object will not be very smooth

Moreover, for objects molded by high-temperature molten materials, there are internal stresses caused by molecular orientation and temperature difference inside the object, which leads to uneven shrinkage of the molded object and large dimensional deviation, which eventually causes warping and deformation of the 3D printed object And other issues

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