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Non-contact type instantaneous rotating speed sensing method

A technology of instantaneous speed and sensing method, which is applied in the field of non-contact instantaneous speed sensing, mechanical quantity, geometric quantity and fluid physical quantity measurement, which can solve eccentricity or relative movement, difficult to eliminate the influence of eccentricity, poor environmental adaptability, etc. problems, to achieve the effect of improving measurement resolution, reducing measurement error sources, and optimizing the sensing structure

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-10-01
CHONGQING UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages of this method are: the grating indexing plate needs to be installed on the rotating body, it is easily affected by oil and dust due to the small distance between the dynamic and static circular gratings, the environmental adaptability is poor, the cost is high, and it is difficult to eliminate the influence of eccentricity, etc. , and it cannot be used for speed measurement of liquid and gas vortex flow fields
[0006] It can be seen from the above introduction that in the existing pure rotational speed measurement methods, the common deficiencies are: 1) It is necessary to install a uniform index plate or reference scale or mark on the rotating body to be measured, and to Or install a signal pickup near the mark, it is difficult to achieve long-distance measurement
2) The installation of the reference index plate, scale and signal pick-up will affect the assembly structure, characteristics (including the ease of design, manufacture and installation) and the realization of the function of the rotating body, and sometimes it is not allowed to avoid affecting the characteristics of the rotating body Install an additional indexing plate, and sometimes the indexing plate cannot be installed due to structural limitations, which brings difficulties to the measurement of the rotational speed by this method
3) There are always deviations in the assembly of the signal pickup or grid sensor, which will lead to installation errors, eccentricity or relative movement (such as axial and radial movement, etc.), which will cause measurement errors
4) Existing methods are difficult to be used for the measurement of the rotational speed of solid, liquid and gaseous substances or the rotational speed of the vortex flow field at the same time

Method used

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Embodiment one: see figure 1 , figure 2 , image 3 , the non-contact instantaneous speed sensing method of the present invention, the specific steps are:

[0044] (1) Use an incandescent light source with a wavelength of 360nm~760nm and a certain intensity to irradiate the end face of the mechanical rotation shaft 1, or use a laser or light-emitting diode (LED) light source with a certain intensity to irradiate the end face of the mechanical rotation shaft 1, or When the natural light intensity is large enough, use a natural light source to irradiate the end face of the mechanical rotating shaft 1; the light illuminates the end face of the mechanical rotating shaft 1 and generates a reflected image, and the random image of the end face of the mechanical rotating shaft 1 is imaged to the optical spatial filter through the optical imaging system 2 pair 3; the optical spatial filter pair 3 is composed of two spatial filters (SF1 and SF2) with the same pitch and structu...

Embodiment 2

[0051] Embodiment 2: Step (1) of Embodiment 2 is the same as (1) in Embodiment 1; (2) is the same as (2) in Embodiment 1; (3) is different from (3) in Embodiment 1 Yes: the two sets of quasi-sine signals (S1 and S2) output by the optical spatial filter pair 3 are directly transmitted to the data acquisition and processing system 5; the data acquisition and processing system 5 uses the center frequency extraction method to obtain two sets of quasi-sine signals (S1 and S2 ) center frequency, and record the center frequencies f1 and f2 of these two groups of quasi-sine signals; the method of extracting the center frequency is: the optical spatial filter performs modulus (A / D) Conversion and data acquisition, or add the two sets of quasi-sine signals output by the optical spatial filter and then perform analog-to-digital (A / D) conversion and data acquisition; then use fast Fourier transform (FFT) Calculate the amplitude spectrum of the collected data to obtain the amplitude spect...

Embodiment 3

[0052] Embodiment 3: Step (1) of Embodiment 3 is the same as (1) in Embodiment 1; (2) is the same as (2) in Embodiment 1; (3) is the same as ( 3) the same; (4) The data acquisition and processing system 5 uses the rotation center positioning method to determine the position of the rotation center imaging point of the measured mechanical rotation axis 1 on the optical spatial filter pair 3, which is different from (4) in the first embodiment The point is: the rotation center positioning method refers to using the center frequency extraction method to obtain the center frequencies of the two quasi-sine signals (S1 and S2) output by the optical spatial filter pair 3 when the rotating object 1 rotates relatively stably After (f1, f2), the optical spatial filter pair 3 is translated for a distance along the radial direction of the measured rotating object 1. This translation distance ensures that the random image of the end face of the measured rotating body can be imaged into the o...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact type instantaneous rotating speed sensing method. A random image on the rotating object end face or the vortex flow field is imaged to an optical space filter pair through an optical imaging system, the optical space filter pair outputs two sets of original signals, the center frequencies of the signals are obtained according to a center frequency extraction method after the original signals are processed, the position where the rotating center imaging point is located is obtained through the change relation of the center frequencies, and then the instantaneous rotating speed is obtained by calculation on the center frequencies according to the position where the rotating center is located. According to the method, any measuring benchmark or index plate does not need to be installed on a measured rotating object, the advantages of no contact, high anti-interference performance, few error sources, low cost and the like are achieved, the pure rotating speed of the rotating object or the vortex flow filed can be measured in a remote distance, and the method can also be used for measurement of parameters such as angular displacement and accelerated speed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the measurement of mechanical quantities, geometric quantities and fluid physical quantities, in particular to a non-contact instantaneous rotational speed sensing method, which belongs to the technical field of rotational speed detection. [0002] Background technique [0003] Rotation is a widespread form of motion, such as various machine tools, power blades, propellers, tracking and aiming devices, etc. Instantaneous speed and its change are important parameters to determine the working state and motion characteristics of the rotating device. By measuring the instantaneous speed and its changes, the working state, performance or motion characteristics of the rotating system can be obtained, its motion function can be accurately realized, the control accuracy can be improved, and the fault information of the system can also be obtained. The vortex flow field of liquid and gaseous substances also needs to measure their rota...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01P3/36
Inventor 曾祥楷朱志雄刘全顺陈阳陈闪闪
Owner CHONGQING UNIV OF TECH
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