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Aerogels, calcined and crystalline articles and methods of making the same

An airgel, crystallization technology with applications in chemical instruments and methods, ceramics, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2014-06-11
3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

While silica aerogels have been successfully sintered to full densification, it was not considered possible to sinter crystalline aerogels to full densification

Method used

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  • Aerogels, calcined and crystalline articles and methods of making the same
  • Aerogels, calcined and crystalline articles and methods of making the same
  • Aerogels, calcined and crystalline articles and methods of making the same

Examples

Experimental program
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preparation example Construction

[0074] Depending on the method of preparation of the zirconia-based particles, said particles may comprise at least some organic material in addition to the inorganic oxide. For example, some organic material may be attached to the surface of the zirconia-based particles if the particles are prepared using a hydrothermal method. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the organic material originates from carboxylate species (anions, acids, or both) contained in the feedstock, or is formed as a by-product of hydrolysis and condensation reactions (i.e., organic material is typically adsorbed on surface of zirconia-based particles). For example, in some embodiments, the zirconia-based particles comprise up to 15 (in some embodiments, up to 12, 10, 8, or even up to 6) weight percent organic material, based on the weight of the particles.

[0075] While any of a number of known methods may be used to provide the zirconia-based particles, it is preferred to emp...

example 1 and 2

[0454] To prepare Example 1, Sol S1 was diafiltered and concentrated as described above for Sol T1. The resulting sol was 55.4% by weight of ZrO 2 / Y 2 o 3 and 5.65% by weight of acetic acid. The sol (200 grams) was added to a 500 mL round bottom (RB) flask. Ethanol (60.6 grams), acrylic acid (11.5 grams) and HEMA (5.9 grams) were added to the flask. 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) ("VAZO67") (0.6 g) was added and the contents were stirred for 4 hours. then use N 2 The contents of the flask were purged with gas for 6 minutes. Samples (translucent and low viscosity) were added to cylindrical containers (29mm diameter). Each container is approximately 18 mL in volume and is sealed at each end (with a very small air gap between the top and the liquid). The samples were allowed to stand for about 1 hour and then placed into an oven to cure (50°C, 4 hours). This gave a clear translucent blue gel. The gel was removed from the container and placed into a 473 mL jar. Fil...

example 3

[0464] A 277 gram sample of Sol T1 (prepared as above and diafiltered and concentrated, 29.5 wt% oxide and 3.2 wt% acetic acid) was added to a 500 mL round bottom (RB) flask. Water (127 g) was removed via rotary evaporation to obtain a slightly dry viscous material. Ethanol (45.5 grams), acrylic acid (8.6 grams) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) (4.4 grams) were added to the flask. The contents were stirred for about 4 hours to obtain a translucent fluid sol. 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) ("VAZO67") (0.45 g) was added and the contents were stirred for 5 minutes. then use N 2 The contents of the flask were purged with gas for 4 minutes. Samples (translucent and low viscosity) were added to cylindrical containers (29mm diameter). Each container is approximately 18 mL in volume and is sealed at each end (with a very small air gap between the top and the liquid). The samples were allowed to stand for about 1 hour and then placed into an oven to cure (50°C, 4 hours)....

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PUM

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Abstract

Aerogel, calcined articles, and crystalline articles comprising ZrO2. Exemplary uses of the crystalline metal oxide articles include dental articles (e.g., restoratives, replacements, inlays, onlays, veneers, full and partial crowns, bridges, implants, implant abutments, copings, anterior fillings, posterior fillings, and cavity liner, and bridge frameworks) and orthodontic appliances (e.g., brackets, buccal tubes, cleats, and buttons).

Description

Background technique [0001] Tooth restorations such as crowns and bridges are often performed by a process known as porcelain fusion to metal. Metal crowns or support structures are covered with glass layers of varying translucency. An opaque layer covers the metal to mask its color, followed by a more translucent layer to improve the aesthetic appearance. In recent years, there has been a trend of all-ceramic dental restorations; crowns, bridges, inlays, etc. Specifically, metal copings that provide structural support to crowns and bridges are being replaced by high-strength ceramics. These materials have color and translucency characteristics that better match natural teeth and produce a more aesthetic appearance. [0002] Zirconia is the preferred material for this patent application due to its high strength and toughness. so that they do not transform back to the monoclinic phase in the stress region of the crack tip. As the tetragonal form of yttria stabilizer conten...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C01G25/00C01G25/02A61C5/77A61K6/884
CPCC01P2002/50C01P2002/52C01G25/00C01P2004/64C04B2235/3225C04B35/486C04B2235/6562C01G25/006C04B2235/785C01P2004/62C04B2235/3227C01G25/02C04B2235/6567C04B2235/9646C01P2002/84C04B2235/3217C04B2235/77C04B35/624A61C13/0022C04B2235/80C01P2006/10C04B2235/549C04B2235/96B82Y30/00A61C5/77C04B38/00C04B38/0045C04B2111/00836C08J2201/0502C08J2203/08C08J2205/026C08J2205/042C08J2207/10C08J2333/02C08J2333/14A61K6/15A61K6/822A61K6/824A61K6/17A61K6/818A61K6/887Y02P20/54C04B38/0054C04B38/0058C04B38/0074A61C13/0006C08J9/008C08J9/28A61C5/20A61C7/282A61C8/0001A61C8/0012A61C8/0048A61C13/082C01P2002/60C04B35/488C04B35/64C04B2235/3244C04B2235/6565C04B2235/661C04B2235/781C04B2235/9661C08J2201/038C08J2201/04C08J2333/10
Inventor B·U·科尔布B·C·费斯尔M·果兹格尔P·S·霍尔H·豪普特曼M·J·亨德里克森K·M·汗帕尔J·W·朗加巴赫J·P·马特斯R·R·诺乔克P·D·彭宁顿G·舍希纳
Owner 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
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