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Metal electrolytic method in alkaline solutions

A technology of alkaline solution and metal electrolysis, which is applied in the direction of photographic process, instrument, photographic auxiliary process, etc., and can solve problems such as rising, steam leakage environment, cost increase, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2014-01-29
北京中金瑞丰环保科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in an alkaline environment, the deposition potential of tin (-0.91V) and antimony (-0.66V) is much lower than that of lead (-0.54V), and the tin and antimony in the anode are continuously enriched in the electrolyte, requiring regular Antimony and tin removal are carried out on the electrolyte, so that the electrolytic refining process can continue, which reduces labor efficiency and increases costs; at the same time, high-concentration NaOH solution will inevitably generate alkali mist during the electrolysis process, which will corrode the equipment and cause serious harm to the operators. certain hazard
[0008] At present, the relatively mature zinc refining method in the industry is fire rectification zinc smelting. The rectification method uses multi-stage evaporation and condensation to remove impurities in crude zinc to produce refined zinc. Each ton of zinc consumes 0.4-0.5 tons of standard coal and 70kWh of electric energy. The rectified zinc with a purity of 99.99-99.999% is obtained, but the energy consumption of this method is high, and the leakage of steam during the rectification process will cause harm to the environment
Hydro-refined zinc is typically H 2 SO 4 -ZnSO 4 with NaOH-Na 2 ZnO 2 In these two methods, high-purity electrolytic zinc can be obtained, but during the electrolysis process, both the crude zinc anode and the electrolytic zinc cathode will undergo self-dissolution and re-dissolution in strong acidic and strong alkaline environments. The concentration of zinc in the electrolyte is continuously increased, and finally the electrolysis process cannot continue, which also limits the industrial application of electrolytic refining zinc

Method used

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  • Metal electrolytic method in alkaline solutions
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  • Metal electrolytic method in alkaline solutions

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0079] Take 12V100Ah waste lead-acid battery, break it and separate it to obtain lead paste (lead-containing compound).

[0080] Prepare 10L electrolyte solution containing 0.7mol / L nitrilotriacetic acid, 1mol / L sodium nitrate, and 0.1g / L rosin, and adjust the pH value to 8.0±0.5 with hydrochloric acid-ethanolamine buffer solution. Add 1kg of lead paste and excess lead powder to the electrolyte to dissolve all the lead compounds in the lead paste. The electrolyte is heated to 55°C. The cathode is 40*50*0.1 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 Potassium permanganate passivated stainless steel plate, the anode is 40*50*1 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 Wrought iron plate with a purity of 99%, using a current density of 400A / m 2 Constant current electrolysis for 15 hours, with an average electrolysis voltage of 0.03V. During this period, air was continuously introduced into the solution to oxidize the ferrous complex into iron oxide precipitation, and at the same time, add lead paste t...

Embodiment 2

[0087] Prepare 100L electrolyte solution containing 0.8mol / L phenylalanine, 1mol / L potassium sulfate, and 5g / L gelatin, use disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 13.8±0.2, and add 4kg Ore containing 95% lead oxide. The electrolyte is heated to 70°C. The cathode is 100*100*0.1 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 The lead plate, the anode is 100*100*0.5 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 The purity of the pig iron plate is 95%, and the current density is 600A / m 2 Constant current electrolysis for 5 hours, during which air is continuously introduced into the solution to oxidize the ferrous compound into iron oxide precipitation, and at the same time add lead oxide ore to maintain the lead content in the solution not less than 0.2mol / L, the average electrolysis voltage during the electrolysis process is - 0.05V.

[0088] Cast the rough lead obtained by the above electrolysis into 50*50*2 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 The anode plate, the cathode...

Embodiment 3

[0093] Prepare 500L electrolyte solution containing 1.1mol / L ethylenediamine diacetic acid, 0.5mol / L sodium pyrophosphate, 0.5g / L β-naphthol, and 1g / L bone glue, and use ethylenediamine-hydrochloric acid buffer solution to adjust the pH value to 10.0 ±0.3, add 10kg of ore containing 98% zinc oxide to the electrolyte. The electrolyte is heated to 45°C. The cathode is 200*200*0.1 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 The zinc plate, the anode is 200*200*1.5 (length*width*thickness) cm 3 304 stainless steel plate, using a current density of 200A / m 2 Constant current electrolysis for 48 hours, during which air was continuously introduced into the solution to oxidize the ferrous compound into iron oxide precipitation, and zinc oxide ore was added at the same time to maintain the zinc content in the solution not less than 0.15mol / L, and the average electrolysis voltage during the electrolysis process was 0.51 V.

[0094] Cast the rough zinc obtained by the above electrolysis into 100*10...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a metal electrolytic method in alkaline solutions, which comprises the following steps: casting deposited lead or deposited zinc or commercially available crude lead or crude zinc to a 0.2-6 cm thick anode plate, and preparing a lamelliform cathode through pure lead, pure zinc or an inert electrode; electrolytic refining in alkaline electrolyte, and finally obtaining high-purity electrolytic lead or electrolytic zinc on the cathode, wherein the metal electrolytic method further comprises: 1) dissolving a lead compound or a zinc compound into the alkaline electrolyte, and adding a reducing agent to reduce lead dioxide existing in the lead compound or the zinc compound to a soluble lead complex; and 2) selecting the lamelliform cathode prepared by the pure lead, pure zinc or inert electrode in the electrolysis process, selecting the anode as iron with purity larger than 94%, and finally obtaining the deposited lead or deposited zinc on the cathode. According to the metal electrolytic method disclosed by the invention, the lead compound or the zinc compound is dissolved under an alkaline condition through a complexing agent, the electrolytic lead or electrolytic zinc is obtained by electrolyzing the cathode, and a byproduct ferric oxide or ferric hydroxide is obtained by separation.

Description

technical field [0001] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an economical, efficient and environment-friendly metal hydrometallurgy method. Background technique [0002] Lead and zinc are important industrial metals. With the development of science and technology, the demand for high-purity lead and zinc is increasing. At present, the smelting method of lead and zinc is mainly pyrometallurgy. The pyrotechnic process of lead and zinc is relatively mature, but the pollution in the smelting process is relatively serious. During the reduction process of lead pyrometallurgy, lead vapor and lead dust will be produced, which will cause serious pollution to the environment. In zinc pyrometallurgy, because zinc often coexists with cadmium, cadmium-containing dust and waste water will be generated during the smelting process, causing serious cadmium pollution to the environment. [0003] In view of the serious environmental pollution caused by the pyrometallurgy of le...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25C1/16C25C1/18
Inventor 张超
Owner 北京中金瑞丰环保科技有限公司
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