Method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by aid of crop straws

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by the aid of crop straws. The method is characterized in that soil is flooded after the crop straws are applied to fields. The method particularly includes steps of thoroughly removing preceding crop residues in field parcels at the soil temperature higher than 20 DEG C; encircling the peripheries of the field parcels by soil to form soil ridges with the heights of about 20 centimeters; uniformly broadcasting the smashed crop straws with the lengths ranging from 10 centimeters to 15 centimeters into the fields; plowing soil by the depth ranging from 18 centimeters to 20 centimeters; flooding the field parcels by irrigation water for 5 days; keeping the depths the water above the surfaces of soil layers of the fields larger than 5 centimeters in flooding periods; performing rotary tillage on the soil by the depth ranging from 18 centimeters to 20 centimeters after the 5 days; flooding the field parcels for 15 days; stopping flooding the field parcels when oxidation reduction potential of the soil of the fields is reduced and ranges from 0mv to 40mv; naturally drying the soil and then applying fertilizers to the soil; performing rotary tillage on the soil and then planting crops in the soil. The applied fertilizers include 30 to 40 kilograms of urea and 20 to 30 kilograms of potassium phosphate fertilizers.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by using crop stalks. Specifically, the crop stalks are properly crushed and evenly spread to the field, the soil is plowed and flooded for a certain period of time, and then the water is drained, and the soil is natural. Planting vegetables after drying can achieve the effect of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables. The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive prevention and control of vegetable diseases by using agricultural waste. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country with large output, wide distribution and variety of crop straw, which has been a valuable resource for farmers' life and agricultural development for a long time. In recent years, with the rapid development of crop breeding technology, the continuous updating of high-yield crop varieties and the continuous improvement of a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] There are many reports at home and abroad about the growth inhibition and even killing effects of straw decomposition products on various soil-borne pathogens. It is believed that organic acids and phenols produced by straw degradation Allelochemicals such as acids will directly kill or inhibit pathogenic bacteria; at the same time, other decomposition products of straw can also provide rich nutrient sources for soil microorganisms (especially bacteria) that are not sensitive to allelochemicals, significantly increasing the number and diversity of soil microorganisms Enhance soil bioactivity, improve nutrient utilization, promote crop growth and enhance disease resistance, but these reports are under indoor simulated dry farming conditions, using straw mulch or evenly mixing straw into the soil to keep moisture and cultivate for a certain period of time Finally, the straw decomposed liquid was collected to measure the growth inhibitory effect on the target pathogenic bacteria in the state of in vitro and pure culture, which was quite different from the actual field soil environment.

However, the pathogenic bacteria were directly inoculated into the soil containing straw, and the in situ research on the inhibitory effect of straw decomposition products on the pathogenic bacteria in the soil and the effect on the control of soil-borne diseases of vegetables under continuous flooding conditions has not been reported so far.

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