Hydrophobic high oil absorption soft polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophobic high oil absorption soft polyurethane foam material and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the fields of synthesis of macromolecular oil absorption materials and environmental friendliness. The material is characterized by being prepared from 20 to 40 parts of isocyanate, 0 to 20 parts of polyethylene glycol / triol, 30 to 95 parts of polypropylene glycol / triol, 5 to 50 parts of polytetramethylene ether glycol / triol, 1.1 to 4.8 parts of cross linker, 1.0 to 4.0 parts of surfactant, 1 to 15 parts of foaming agent, 3 to 20 parts of flame retardant and 0.5 to 5 parts of catalyst by one-step foaming. The material can quickly absorb oil, and in 3 minutes, the oil absorption rate of nitrobenzene is 83g.g<-1>, the oil absorption rate of carbon tetrachloride is 80g.g<-1>, the oil absorption rate of acetone is 69g.g<-1>, the oil absorption rate of dimethyl benzene is 67g.g<-1>, the oil absorption rate of toluene is 62g.g<-1>, the oil absorption rate of kerosene is 52g.g<-1>, and the oil absorption rate of diesel oil is 47g.g<-1>; and the material almost does not absorb water when being reused in an oscillation mixed oil-water system. The material can be effectively and quickly used for the recovery of leaked oil or organic reagents on the dynamic water surface, the ground or the surfaces of other objects and treatment of oil leakage accidents.

Description

(1) Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hydrophobic high-oil-absorbing flexible polyurethane foam material and its preparation method and application, belonging to the fields of polymer oil-absorbing material synthesis and environmental protection. Specifically, it relates to a polytetramethylene ether triol type high oil-absorbing flexible polyurethane foam material and a preparation method thereof. (2) Background technology [0002] With the development of industry and the improvement of people's living standards, the global demand for petroleum products is increasing, and the subsequent oil spills are gradually increasing, which poses a serious threat to the marine ecological environment and human life. [0003] Absorbing spilled oil with oil-absorbing materials is an ideal way to deal with oil pollution. Inorganic materials (such as clay, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, etc.) or natural organic materials (such as straw, feathers, wood chips, etc.) in traditio...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Paola Calcagnile et al. (Paola Calcagnile, Despina Fragouli, Ilker S. Bayer, George C. Anyfantis, Luigi Martiradonna, P. Davide Cozzoli, Roberto Cingolani, Athanassia Athanassiou. Magnetically driven floating foams for the removal of oil contaminants from water[J]. American chemical society, 2012, 6 (6): 5413-5419) modified polyurethane with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) particles and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles, and the modified material (PU / PTFE / NPs) can be driven by magnetic force and the adsorption rate becomes larger, but its oil absorption rate in pure oil system is low (13g·g -1 );

[0006] Hua Li et al. (Hua Li, Lifen Liu, Fenglin Yang. Hydrophobic modification of polyurethane foam for oil spill cleanup [J]. Marine pollution bulletin, 2012, 64(8): 1648-1653) used lauryl methacrylate (LMA) For surface graft modification of polyurethane materials (PU-g-LMA) or coating modification with LMA microspheres (PU-LMA microspheres), compared with before modification, the adsorption rate of diesel oil after modification increased by 26.82 % (PU-LMA microspheres), 18.19% (PU-g-LMA), but in the diesel water layer system, the adsorption rate of the material to diesel oil was reduced by 43.67% (PU-LMA microspheres), 19.88% PU-g-LMA )

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