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Low-platinum cathode catalyst layer used for fuel cell and application thereof

A cathode catalysis and fuel cell technology, applied in fuel cells, solid electrolyte fuel cells, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of few gas transmission channels, insufficient activity, and small contact area between electrocatalysts and proton exchange membranes, etc. Achieve the effects of fast migration speed, less Pt dosage, high catalyst utilization rate and high limiting current density

Active Publication Date: 2014-04-02
DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method solves the problem that the hydrophilic catalytic layer is too dense and has few gas transmission channels, which is beneficial to the removal of water generated by the electrochemical reaction and the rapid transmission of the reaction gas to the reaction active site. The disadvantage is that the contact area between the electrocatalyst and the proton exchange membrane is relatively small. Small, not enough to provide higher activity under high current density operating conditions

Method used

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  • Low-platinum cathode catalyst layer used for fuel cell and application thereof
  • Low-platinum cathode catalyst layer used for fuel cell and application thereof
  • Low-platinum cathode catalyst layer used for fuel cell and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] Prepare as follows:

[0046] 1) Preparation of the outer catalytic layer: use a primary balance to weigh the catalyst with a BET specific surface area of ​​235m 2 The Vulcan XC-72 of / g is the 70% Pt / C electrocatalyst (the first catalyst) of carrier, add a small amount of deionized water to fully wet the electrocatalyst, then add ethylene glycol according to 20 times of the electrocatalyst weight, in ultrasonic Ultrasonic oscillation at a frequency of 40KHz for 30min until completely mixed evenly, add 10% polyvinylidene fluoride emulsion according to the weight percentage of 30% of the weight of the outer catalytic layer, continue ultrasonic oscillation at a frequency of 40KHz for 30min until uniform, and make a slurry . Use Doctor Blade to uniformly coat this slurry on the surface of Toray carbon paper with microporous layer (MPL), then put the above-mentioned catalytic layer that is made into a roasting furnace, under N 2 Heating in the atmosphere at a heating rate ...

Embodiment 2

[0056] 1) Prepare the outer catalytic layer: use a primary balance to weigh 20% PtCo 2 o 3 / C (Pt: Co=9: 1 (atomic ratio)) first catalyst, wherein carrier C is that BET specific surface area is 50m 2 / g of highly conductive graphite, add a small amount of deionized water to completely wet the electrocatalyst, add ethylene glycol according to 30 times the weight of the electrocatalyst, and ultrasonically oscillate for 30 minutes at a frequency of 40KHz in the ultrasonic wave until it is completely mixed. 10% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion was added to 50% of the weight of the layer, and continued to be ultrasonically oscillated at a frequency of 40KHz for 30min until uniform to form a slurry. After the prepared slurry was subjected to gel treatment in a constant temperature water margin at 90°C, the slurry was evenly coated on the surface of Toray carbon paper with a microporous layer using a plastic scraper, and then put into a roasting furnace, according to the exam...

Embodiment 3

[0061] 1) Preparation of the outer catalytic layer: first, 30% Pt / C (first catalyst) using Vulcan-XC 72 as a carrier and 60% PtTiO using Kejen carbon black as a carrier 2 / C (the second catalyst, Pt: Ti=9: 1 (atomic ratio)) is formulated as a uniform composite catalyst according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, and then according to composite catalyst: dispersant=1: 25 and composite electrocatalyst: PTFE =7:3 ratio, use the first electrocatalyst, the second electrocatalyst, three kinds of raw materials of glycerol and PTFE micropowder, prepare slurry according to the method for step 1) in the embodiment 1. After gel treatment of the prepared slurry in a constant temperature water at 90°C, use a 100-mesh nylon screen, and use a screen printing machine to uniformly screen print the prepared slurry on the coated microporous layer (MPL) , and take Toray carbon paper as the gas diffusion layer of the support, then put the prepared above-mentioned (microporous layer (MPL)+catalyst layer) ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-performance low-platinum cathode catalyst layer structure used for a fuel cell and application thereof. In the high-performance low-platinum cathode catalyst layer structure used for the fuel cell, Pt / C or PtMxOy / C serves as an electro-catalyst; a hydrophilic internal catalyst layer connected with a proton exchange membrane is formed by a Pt / C or PtMxOy / C catalyst (a second catalyst) prepared by a carbon carrier of which the specific area is 800 to 1,200 m<2> / g and a proton conductor serving as main components; and a hydrophobic external catalyst layer connected with a diffusion layer is formed by a Pt / C or PtMxOy / C catalyst (a first catalyst) prepared by a carbon carrier of which the specific area is 50 to 300 m<2> / g or a composite catalyst of the first catalyst and the second catalyst and a water repellent serving as the main components. The low-platinum cathode catalyst layer structure has the characteristics of less Pt dosage, thin thickness, high catalyst utilization rate and limiting current density, high stability and high durability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell, in particular to a low-platinum cathode catalyst layer for the fuel cell and its application. Background technique [0002] In the prior art, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the outstanding advantages of high output efficiency and environmental friendliness, and has broad application prospects. It can start at low temperature, has no electrolyte corrosion and leakage, has a simple structure, and is easy to operate. It has a strong competitive advantage in the fields of electric vehicles, regional power stations, spacecraft, and portable power supplies. The development of such underwater deep submersibles is very attractive and has attracted widespread attention in recent years. [0003] In a fuel cell, since the anode H 2 The oxidation reaction rate is faster than that of the cathode O 2 The reduction reaction (ORR) speed of the fuel cell is 5 to 6 orders of magnitude faster. Therefore, the performanc...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M4/94H01M4/88H01M8/10H01M8/1011
CPCY02E60/523Y02E60/50
Inventor 邱艳玲张华民董明全刘波任俊霞
Owner DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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