Method for sequentially processing consumer waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for continuously treating domestic garbage, more specifically belongs to a method for continuously treating domestic garbage according to the process flows of pretreatment, crushing, dehydration, drying, cracking, incineration, etc. Dioxin C2H4O2 is not produced in the garbage treatment process; and the method can realize various requirements of massive and continuous treatment, reclamation (the energy in the garbage is stored in a manner of collecting hydrocarbon oil), energy saving, environmental protection, high efficiency, and the like, in domestic garbage treatment. The devices adopted in the method belong to standardized commodities for industrial use, and have the advantages of reliable operation, mature technology, simple structure and low investment. The method of the invention belongs to the continuous garbage treatment process, can completely and thoroughly implement reduction, harmless treatment and reclamation of mountains of domestic garbage, and is characterized by good novelty, creativity and industrial applicability.

Description

1. Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for continuously treating domestic garbage; more specifically, it belongs to the process of continuously treating domestic garbage according to technological processes such as pretreatment, crushing, dehydration, drying, cracking and incineration to make it harmless and reduce waste. Quantification and resourceful methods. 2. Background of the invention [0002] According to reports, my country's urban population produces 0.75-0.85 kilograms of garbage per person per day. Population growth, economic development and improvement of people's living standards make the garbage production increase at an annual rate of about 2%. The improvement of people's living standards has led to the continuous increase of the amount of organic matter in garbage, and the perishable decay of organic matter will affect the environment in which people live. Scientifically and effectively making it harmless, reduced and resourced has attr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] (2) Landfill method: there is a large amount of cultivated land, pollution of groundwater sources, and the risk of explosion and combustion due to gas production; the fermentation waste acid gas produced pollutes the environment, and there are serious disadvantages that cannot be recycled; in particular, the organic matter in garbage is processed After a long period of deep burial and accumulation, it will continue to ferment and rot, giving off a dizzy acidic odor; the sewage soaked out of the landfill plant has a high concentration, high viscosity, and contains a large amount of organic matter and metal ions. Traditional water purification methods are difficult to use. The high-concentration organic matter black sewage formed after the fermentation of this garbage meets the discharge water quality requirements stipulated by the state, and the cost of water treatment is also high;

[0007] (3) High-temperature composting method: Composting has relatively few nutrients, and additional nitrogen or phosphorus or potassium fertilizers must be added to meet the national standards for commercial fertilizers. The content of inorganic substances and heavy metal ions is high, and the percentage of water-soluble nutrients is low. Plants Difficult to absorb, low fertilizer efficiency, low resource utilization rate, high processing cost

[0008] In order to overcome the weakness of the above method, some technical solutions for solving this problem have been disclosed, for example: Chambers discloses the equipment for producing hydrocarbons from waste tires and industrial and domestic waste in USP 4.235.676, the disclosed The equipment adopts a vacuum system and the reaction kettle is fixed. This method is easy to coke, difficult to remove slag, and the production cannot be continuous.

In the applicant's USP 5,744,668, USP 6,133,491 and CN 1068032C, it is disclosed that domestic waste is subjected to thermal cracking and catalytic cracking at two different temperatures twice, using continuous feeding and continuous slagging methods and equipment; There are many kinds of organic substances in the food. To completely decompose high-molecular-weight organic substances (poultry viscera, skin, hair, and bones), they must be treated at a high temperature of 800-1000°C to make them completely decomposed and harmless. Therefore, The technical equipment disclosed and described in the above-mentioned patents cannot meet the high-temperature conditions required for harmless garbage, so there are defects; today, the high-temperature-resistant steel commonly used in the market or industry, that is, stainless steel or titanium alloy steel, is also difficult to maintain for a long time. It can withstand high temperature conditions above 800°C and is expensive; therefore, in the actual process of industrialized domestic waste treatment, the use temperature of the cracking equipment material is generally 400-600°C; the temperature resistance of the cracking equipment material limits the cracking equipment. It is difficult for the pyrolysis temperature of garbage to reach 850-1000°C; that is to say, the pyrolysis that occurs at a temperature of 400-600°C cannot make certain organic substances (such as animal organs, skins, fur, bones) It is completely decomposed, and the residue after cracking still contains quite a lot of undecomposed organic substances, which must be further processed to make it completely decomposed or harmless, so as to meet the requirements of environmental protection or harmlessness; however, the steel rotary Type reactor is prone to cylinder deformation and cannot rotate normally when it is in high temperature environment for a long time; similarly, the stress change of the second-stage spiral reactor under high temperature is prone to deformation of cylinder material and shaft bending, so that the spiral reactor cannot Long-term operation at high temperature causes the heavy organic matter (such as animal bones, skin or internal organs) in the garbage to be completely decomposed and harmless because the temperature does not meet the required high temperature requirements.

[0009] In CN1242856C, a fixed horizontal reactor cracking domestic waste equipment is disclosed. The agitator in the equipment is prone to material deformation and shaft bending when subjected to stress changes at high temperatures, and cannot rotate, resulting in some waste in the waste. Organic matter (such as animal skin or viscera) cannot be completely decomposed because the temperature does not meet the required high temperature requirements, and domestic waste cannot be completely harmless; fixed reactors are prone to material deformation due to uneven heating for a long time, Poor heat transfer, high energy consumption, and intermittent feeding. There is a weakness of low waste disposal capacity per unit time. It cannot meet the requirements of large-scale processing of increasing piles of domestic waste. There are defects in industrial practicability.

[0010] To sum up, none of the single various cracking methods, single various incineration methods or various types of intermittent waste disposal methods can meet the requirements of neither producing dioxin C 2 h 4 o 2 , and can make domestic waste completely harmless and achieve large-scale continuous treatment of domestic waste and other requirements

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical defects of the above-mentioned various single cracking methods, various single incineration methods or various intermittent treatment of domestic waste, and provide a method that can meet the requirements of not producing dioxins simultaneously 2 h 4 o 2 , which can realize the large-scale, continuous, resourceful (the energy in the garbage is stored in the form of hydrocarbon oil), reduction, energy saving, environmental protection, high efficiency and other requirements of domestic waste treatment

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