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Low-voc natural fiber composite material, preparation method therefor and application thereof

a natural fiber and composite material technology, applied in the field of low-volatile organic compound (voc) natural fiber composite material, can solve the problems of molten thermoplastic resin cracks, fiber degraded into volatile organic compounds, lignin on the surface, etc., and achieves the effects of reducing manufacturing costs, high manufacturing cost, and complex preparation process

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-01-26
CHANGCHUN BOCHAO AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a low-VOC natural fiber composite material with a special porous structure that can absorb VOC substances such as aldehydes, ketones, and benzene series. This results in reduced VOC emission from the composite material. Additionally, a method for manufacturing an automobile door trim panel using this composite material is provided, which is cost-effective and simplifies the manufacturing process. The composition of the fibers ensures required mechanical strength, formability, and sound insulation effect for automobile interior trims. The resulting composite material is low-VOC, environmentally-friendly, and has a light weight and low cost.

Problems solved by technology

However, during processing and use of the natural fibers, due to factors such as temperature, humidity and light, residual substances such as pectin, hemicelluloses and lignin on the surface of bast fibers are degraded into volatile organic compounds (VOC) harmful to the human body such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, benzene, toluene and styrene.
In addition, during processing, a molten thermoplastic resin cracks to generate some low molecular weight organic compounds such as ketones and aldehydes.
Natural fiber-reinforced composite products for use as automobile interior trims generally have direct or indirect contact with the human body, and these volatile low molecular weight organic substances seriously affects the health of the user in a relatively closed environment, restricting the application and development of natural fiber composite materials for use in automobile interior trims.
However, there are deficiencies in use, for example, skin allergy occurs during processing and treatment of fiber-reinforced articles, and a residue is left after combustion of scrap GMT products.
In the prior art, a conventional natural fiber polymer composite material used for production of automobile interior trims needs to be additionally wrapped by a decorative facing material, which requires a high manufacturing cost and complex preparation process.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

first embodiment

[0051]First, a method for preparing a low-VOC natural fiber composite material according to a first embodiment of the present invention is introduced. In this embodiment, modified synthetic fibers are mixed with natural fibers to prepare mixed fibers.

[0052]In the Examples provided below, the nanoclay is, for example, DEOACT-S1, DEOACT-S2, DEOACT-S3, DEOACT-S5 and / or DEOACT-S10 nanoclay, although it is not limited thereto.

[0053]Comparative example 1 introduced below is an exemplary comparative example in the prior art is introduced, the effect of which will be compared with those of specific examples of the present invention.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

[0054]50 Kg of hemp fibers and 50 Kg of polypropylene fibers were shredded, carded, needle punched and hot pressed to prepare a composite material having a surface density of 1500 g / m2, where the preheating temperature was 210° C., the preheating time was 40 s, and the dwell time was 35 s.

[0055]The results of VOC detection in the composite ma...

second embodiment

[0081]A method for preparing a low-VOC natural fiber composite material according to a second embodiment of the present invention is introduced below. In this embodiment, modified synthetic fibers are mixed with natural fibers and other fibers to prepare mixed fibers. The natural fibers and the other fibers are mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to 1:9, and preferably 9:1 to 6:4.

[0082]Optionally, only the foregoing step S1 and step S2 are performed and the step S3 is not performed in this embodiment, and this embodiment also can achieve the objective and expected technical effect of the present invention. In the present invention, the application of other fibers, especially inorganic fibers, for example, basalt fibers or glass fibers can significantly increase the tensile properties and flame resistance of the composite material.

[0083]First, an exemplary comparative example of natural fibers is introduced; and the effect of this comparative example will be compared with those of specific ...

example 1

[0102]0.5% of nanoclay based on the total weight of the mixed fibers was blend-spun with polypropylene fibers to prepare modified polypropylene fibers. 50 Kg of the modified polypropylene fibers were mixed with 20 Kg of basalt fibers and 30 Kg of bast fibers to form mixed fibers, which were shredded, carded, needle punched and hot pressed to form a composite material having a surface density of 1500 g / m2, where the preheating temperature is 210° C., the preheating time was 40 s, and the dwell time was 35 s.

[0103]Actual detection results:

[0104]formaldehyde: 1.46 mg / kg,

[0105]acetaldehyde: 10.47 mg / kg,

[0106]TVOC: 18 Cμg / g

[0107]tensile strength: 28.4 MPa

[0108]combustibility: 10 mm / min

[0109]Compared with the foregoing comparative example 1, the tensile property and flame resistance of the composite material prepared by the example significantly increased because of mixing basalt fibers and bast fibers.

[0110]Compared with the foregoing comparative example 1 and 2, the contents of formalde...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-volatile organic compound (VOC) natural fiber composite material, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. In the method, a nanoclay and a resin are blend-spun to prepare modified synthetic fibers, the modified synthetic fibers are mixed with natural fibers or with natural fibers and other fibers to prepare mixed fibers, and the mixed fibers are shredded, mixed, lapped, needle punched or hot pressed, so as to prepare the low-VOC natural fiber composite material. The low-VOC natural fiber composite material can be applied to automobile interior trims after hot pressing. The low-VOC natural fiber composite material has features of low VOC, low density, light weight, low cost, high strength, good toughness, high deformability, high safety, and being environmentally-friendly and recyclable.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]Technical Field[0002]The present invention relates to a fiber composite material, and more particularly to a low-volatile organic compound (VOC) natural fiber composite material fabricated from a mixture of natural fibers and chemical fibers by using a nonwoven technique, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof.[0003]Related Art[0004]In recent years, with the increased environmental awareness of the general public, natural fibers have been used for fabrication of automobile interior trims due to their excellent properties of being environmentally-friendly, being degradable, light weight, low cost, high specific strength and specific modulus, being friction and wear resistant, and being recyclable.[0005]However, during processing and use of the natural fibers, due to factors such as temperature, humidity and light, residual substances such as pectin, hemicelluloses and lignin on the surface of bast fibers are degraded into volatile organic compounds (...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D04H1/736D01D5/08D01F8/06D01F8/18D01F8/10
CPCD04H1/736D01F8/18D01F8/10D10B2321/022D01D5/08D10B2505/12D10B2321/12D01F8/06B29C43/58B29C70/00B29C2043/5816D04H1/43835C08J5/005C08J5/045C08J5/047C08J5/06C08J2323/12C08J5/048D04H1/42D04H1/425B60R13/02C08J5/04C08K13/02C08L23/12C08L97/02C08J5/0405C08J5/24
Inventor PAN, GUOLI
Owner CHANGCHUN BOCHAO AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO LTD
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