Method for preparing carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum-based composite material through metal 3D printing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metal printing, and particularly provides a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum-based composite material through metal 3D printing. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out vacuum ball milling on carbon nanotubes, graphite powder, PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and a solvent to prepare a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; (2) carrying out vacuum ball milling on the carbon nano tube dispersion liquid and an aluminum-based powder material, drying, and filtering to prepare a carbon nano tube modified aluminum-based powder material; and (3) the carbon nano tube modified powder is taken, and the carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum matrix composite is prepared through a 3D printing method. By the adoption of the metal 3D printing method, the problems that in the prior art, the structure of a carbon nano tube is difficult to retain through pressure casting, brittle phases such as an aluminum carbon compound are generated in the long-time sintering process of powder metallurgy, and a carbon nano tube modified aluminum-based composite material blank prepared through powder metallurgy is poor in heat conductivity and not prone to deformation can be solved. And the problems of easy cracking and the like in subsequent part production are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal 3D printing, in particular to a method for preparing carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material by metal 3D printing. Background technique [0002] Aluminum-based materials have the advantages of low density, corrosion resistance and good processability. With the development of modern industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing and transportation, higher performance requirements have been put forward for such materials in terms of specific strength, specific stiffness, wear resistance, heat resistance and fatigue resistance. [0003] Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the fifth allotrope of carbon (the first four are graphite, diamond, buckyball, and amorphous carbon) discovered in the laboratory by Japanese electron microscope expert Iijima in 1991. Carbon nanotubes can be regarded as geometric seamless graphite tubes rolled up by single-layer or multi-layer graphite sheets. Each laye...

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Problems solved by technology

Powder metallurgy is the earliest process for preparing metal matrix composites. This method is to uniformly mix carbon nanotubes and aluminum powder, and then perform ball milling, drying, compaction and sintering. The main advantage of this method is that carbon nanotubes can be The distribution in the aluminum matrix is ​​relatively uniform, and the content of carbon nanotubes can be accurately controlled, and the degree of freedom is relatively high. The disadvantage is that the long-term high temperature in the sintering process will lead to the formation of carbon-aluminum brittle compounds and reduce the material properties; die casting method is the most common One of the methods, this method is to add carbon nanotubes to the molten liquid metal, when the reinforced phase carbon nanotubes are slowly added to the liquid metal, the mechanical stirrer is vigorously stirred, and the huge pressure formed by the eddy current is used to press the carbon nanotubes to disperse in the liquid metal. In the metal matrix, so as to achieve the purpose of dispersion, the uniformly dispersed carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composites are prepared. The advantages of this method are that the process is simple and easy to operate, the requirements for equipment are not high, and the production efficiency is high. The disadvantages are in the high pressure casting process. , the structure of carbon nanotubes is difficult to preserve, which has a great influence on the performance of the final composite material

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