Method for preparing beta-lactone through carbonylation of epoxy compound under catalysis of gallium porphyrin-cobalt carbonyl

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing beta-lactone through carbonylation of an epoxy compound, which comprises the following step: in the presence of a porphyrin gallium complex and cobalt octacarbonyl, by taking CO as a carbonyl source, converting the epoxy compound into a beta-lactone compound through a carbonyl insertion ring expansion reaction. The method provided by the invention has efficient catalytic activity and excellent chemical selection, does not need a tedious catalyst preparation process, avoids the use of high-toxicity chromium metal and sensitive carbonyl cobalt salt, is high in catalyst stability, can be fed in air, is simple to operate, and is easy for large-scale production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of β-lactone preparation, in particular to a method for preparing β-lactone by carbonylation of epoxy compounds catalyzed by porphyrin gallium-cobalt carbonyl. Background technique [0002] For a long time, the synthesis of β-lactone compounds has been a research hotspot. Such compounds can undergo ring-opening polymerization to obtain biodegradable poly-β-hydroxycarboxylates, thereby solving the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution. In addition, β-lactone can be used to synthesize other compounds including acrylic acid and acrylate, and is also widely used in the synthesis of natural products. The carbonylation ring expansion reaction of epoxy compounds provides a simple and atom-economical route for the synthesis of such important organic compounds. Therefore, the reaction of epoxide carbonylation and ring expansion to obtain the corresponding β-lactone has become a hotspot in related research f...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Although some of the above-mentioned catalysts have shown good catalytic ability in the carbonylation reaction of epoxy compounds, there are still some problems, such as: (1) There are few types of catalysts, and Lewis acid metal anions are mainly limited to chromium and aluminum, while Aluminum-based catalysts need to use more dangerous alkylaluminum reagents, and chromium-based catalysts need to use highly toxic metal chromium, which does not meet the purpose of green chemistry; (2) [Lewis acid] + [Co(CO) 4 ] - Form catalysts are difficult to prepare and are highly sensitive to water and oxygen. Synthesis, purification, storage and use require strict anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, which are not conducive to large-scale production and storage. For example, the catalyst [(TPP)Cr(THF) 2 ] + [Co(CO) 4 ] - From TPPCrCl and NaCo(CO) 4 Synthetically obtained, NaCo(CO) 4 Obtained by the reaction of dicobalt octacarbonyl and sodium hydroxide, the sodium cobaltate salt NaCo(CO) in the synthetic route 4 Highly sensitive to water and oxygen, the whole process of operation needs to be protected by inert gas, which has high requirements on process and equipment. At the same time, [(TPP)Cr(THF) 2 ] + [Co(CO) 4 ] - It is also sensitive to water and oxygen, and its synthesis, purification and storage need to be in a nitrogen atmosphere; (3) The activity of the catalyst and the range of applicable epoxy compounds need to be further improved

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