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Novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material

A technology for lithium ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in the field of electrochemical energy storage, can solve problems such as loss of efficacy, compression of carbon coating layers, and inability to reduce the degree of volume expansion of alloy negative electrode particles.

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-07-20
TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the core-shell structure can isolate the alloy negative electrode particles from the electrolyte, it cannot reduce the volume expansion of the alloy negative electrode particles.
The huge volume expansion of the alloy negative electrode will compress the carbon coating, causing the latter to gradually break and lose its original efficacy

Method used

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  • Novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material
  • Novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material
  • Novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

specific Embodiment 1

[0018] In a glove box protected by dry nitrogen, a mixture of a certain proportion of natural flake graphite and anhydrous magnesium chloride (MgCl2) was put into a heat-resistant glass tube and sealed with a rubber stopper. After taking it out from the glove box, connect it to a vacuum drying system, and evacuate it to below 0.133Pa. Then, 0.05MPa of high-purity chlorine gas was introduced, and after fusing and sealing, it was placed in a constant temperature reaction furnace, and the temperature was raised to 650°C at a certain heating rate, and kept for 15 days. After cooling in the air, break the glass tube, wash the excess MgCl2 with deionized water, soak it once with anhydrous acetone, and then dry it in vacuum at 100 °C for 12 hours to obtain the magnesium chloride-graphite intercalation compound (MgCl2-GIC ). Put the prepared MgCl2-GIC into a tube furnace, pass in Ar / H2 mixed gas, gradually raise the temperature to 300°C and maintain it for 24h, that is, the Mg-GIC is...

specific Embodiment 2

[0020] In a high-purity argon-protected glove box, add a certain proportion of natural flake graphite and metal magnesium powder into the hydrothermal reactor, then add a certain amount of ethylenediamine, seal the reactor, and react at 100°C for 15 days . After the reaction, the product was taken out by centrifugation. Then, under the protection of high-purity nitrogen, it was heated to 250°C to obtain Mg-GIC.

specific Embodiment 3

[0022] In a high-purity nitrogen-protected glove box, weigh a certain mass of ammonium iodide (or ammonium perchlorate) and natural flake graphite into the electrolytic cell, and place the electrolytic cell in a cold trap at -60°C. Then the high-purity ammonia gas is passed into the electrolytic cell, the ammonia gas is condensed into liquid ammonia, the ammonium iodide is dissolved in the liquid ammonia, and the natural flake graphite is completely immersed in the liquid ammonia. Electrolyze for 2 hours with a metal magnesium rod as an anode and a platinum sheet as a cathode. After filtration, the product was washed three times with liquid ammonia, and air-dried in a glove box to obtain Mg-GIC.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and mainly relates to a novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material. At present, the actually measured specific capacity of the graphite material is very close to the theoretical value, and the lifting space is limited. Therefore, development of the lithium ion battery negative electrode material with more excellent performance is extremely urgent. Alloy cathode materials, such as silicon, tin, germanium, magnesium and aluminum, have high theoretical specific capacities and are regarded as the most potential next-generation lithium ion battery cathode materials, but the alloy cathode has the problems of volume expansion and shrinkage and electrolyte and lithium source consumption of an SEI film. The invention aims to provide the novel lithium ion battery negative electrode material with high specific capacity and long cycle stability, namely a magnesium-graphite intercalated compound (Mg-GIC), and the Mg-GIC prepared by four preferable embodiments has a unique layered structure, so that magnesium and graphite are highly fused and fully complementary in advantages. By introducing magnesium, the active sites of graphite can be increased, the lithium storage capacity of graphite is improved, and the lithium intercalation potential of graphite is widened; van der Waals force between graphite layers can ensure reversible expansion and contraction of Mg-GIC, and the structural stability of Mg-GIC is maintained; meanwhile, graphite provides an excellent conductive network and a rapid ion channel for magnesium, and the rate capability of magnesium is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and mainly relates to a novel lithium-ion battery negative electrode material. Background technique [0002] At present, the measured specific capacity of graphite materials is very close to its theoretical value, and the preparation technology is mature, so the room for improvement is very limited. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with better performance. Alloy anode materials, such as silicon, tin, germanium, magnesium, aluminum, etc., have theoretical specific capacities as high as 4200mAh g-1, 994mAh g-1, 1625mAh g-1, 2150mAh g-1 and 992mAh g-1, respectively, and are regarded as the most Potential next-generation lithium-ion battery anode materials. However, the large-scale application of alloy anodes still faces many obstacles. First of all, the alloy negative electrode is often accompanied by serious volume expansion and contr...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/46H01M4/587H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/466H01M4/587H01M10/0525H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 李长发王南高继超李春亮张联齐
Owner TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
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