Membrane electrode, preparation method thereof and fuel cell

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of cells, and discloses a membrane electrode, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell. The membrane electrode comprises a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer is arranged on one side surface of the proton exchange membrane, and a cathode catalyst layer is arranged on the other side surface of the proton exchange membrane; the cathode catalyst layer comprises a hydrophilic catalyst layer and a hydrophobic catalyst layer which are arranged in a laminated mode; the hydrophilic catalyst layer is located between the proton exchange membrane and the hydrophobic catalyst layer; the hydrophilic catalyst layer comprises hydrophilic carbon nanofibers; and the hydrophobic catalyst layer comprises hydrophobic carbon nanofibers. According to the membrane electrode disclosed by the invention, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer can keep a good hydration degree under low-current discharge, water can be drained as soon as possible to prevent a cathode from being flooded under high-current discharge, and meanwhile, the proton exchange membrane can also keep good conductivity.

Description

technical field [0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a membrane electrode, a preparation method thereof, and a fuel cell. Background technique [0002] In recent years, issues such as the shortage of fossil fuels and the harmful gas emissions caused by the combustion of fossil fuels have aroused widespread concern around the world. In order to solve the shortage of natural resources and the increasingly serious environmental and social problems, the development of new energy technologies has gradually become the focus of global attention. Among them, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is one of the next-generation energy conversion technologies that has attracted much attention because it can avoid the combustion of fossil fuels. Fuel cells use chemical fuels as energy sources, and convert the chemical energy of fuels directly into electrical energy without going through inefficient and polluting combustion processes. It is...

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Problems solved by technology

When the battery works at a low current density, it needs to be carried out under high humidification conditions, and when it works at a high current condition, a large amount of water is generated by the discharge cathode, which usually causes the cathode to be flooded and leads to an increase in gas transmission resistance, thereby reducing the performance of the fuel cell.

Therefore, there is still a lack of a membrane electrode that can keep the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer at a good hydration level under low current discharge, and can drain water as soon as possible to prevent the cathode from being flooded under high current discharge. case, it also prevents the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane from decreasing

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