Laser pulse welding method for thin-wall aluminum alloy butt joint

Abstract

The invention provides a laser pulse welding method for a thin-wall aluminum alloy butt joint. The laser pulse welding method includes the steps that step 1, 5A06 aluminum alloy parts are subjected to acid pickling and oil stain removal; step 2, to-be-welded parts of the parts which are processed to reach the size precision is cleaned; step 3, the to-be-welded parts are assembled together in a butt joint mode through a positioning clamp, and the to-be-welded parts are clamped to a rotating device of a laser welding machine; step 4, a cavity is filled with back protection gas, and gas protection is conducted on the back face of a weld joint; step 5, a laser angle and a shielding gas direction and flow are adjusted, laser pulse welding process parameters are set, and a weld joint track is determined for laser welding; and step 6, after a tool is disassembled, the forming quality of the front and back surfaces of the weld joint is checked, and a surface oxide layer of the weld joint is polished. According to the laser pulse welding method for the thin-wall aluminum alloy butt joint, the butt welding of the thin-wall aluminum alloy can be achieved under appropriate technological parameters, a large heat affected zone and air holes generated during laser welding are avoided, the strength of the obtained butt welding joint is high, and the cavity has good pressure resistance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of welding technology, in particular to a laser pulse welding method for a thin-walled aluminum alloy butt joint. Background technique [0002] 5A06 aluminum alloy is a non-heat treatment strengthened aluminum alloy, which is a typical alloy of the Al-Mg system. Due to its high strength, small specific gravity and good corrosion resistance, it has been widely used in aerospace, transportation and other fields. [0003] A certain type of underwater buoyancy cavity structure uses 5A06 as the raw material, and the design structure of the cylinder is as follows figure 1 , consisting of two arc plates and two end caps, the product is lightweight, the wall thickness is 1mm, the weld seam does not need to be processed to lock the bottom, and it is required to be welded on one side and formed on both sides. [0004] Chinese patent CN 107442935 A discloses a laser swing welding process for aluminum alloys. In this method, a ...

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Problems solved by technology

When laser welding with the above methods, due to the small thickness of the product, the problem of unstable weld formation is likely to occur during welding, either incomplete penetration or weld leakage, and it is difficult to achieve single-sided welding and double-sided forming

[0005] Chinese patent CN 109759699 A discloses a laser welding process for 5083 aluminum alloys. This method uses laser pulses as a heat source and realizes the welding of thin-walled 5083 aluminum alloys in a swinging manner. The operation is complicated and requires a preheating device. On the one hand, it increases The cost of equipment and the complexity of the process are reduced, and it can only meet the needs of simple flat plate welding, and it cannot be welded for products with complex structures such as cavities.

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