Coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide ammonia process trapping and low-temperature liquefaction system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide ammonia process trapping and low-temperature liquefaction system and method. The system comprises a carbon dioxide chemical process trapping system, a low-temperature liquefaction system and an absorbent recycling system, and the carbon dioxide chemical process trapping system comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tower, an ammonia gasabsorption tower and a carbon dioxide desorption tower; the low-temperature liquefaction system comprises a pneumatic dryer, a gas supercharger, a screw compressor, a condenser and an evaporator; andthe absorbent recycling part comprises a gas-liquid separator, a throttle valve, a liquid one-way valve, a gas one-way valve, a liquid ammonia storage tank and a liquid ammonia evaporator. The coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide ammonia process trapping and low-temperature liquefaction system has the characteristics of efficiently capturing carbon dioxide, reducing the greenhouse effect and protecting the environment, and can be widely applied to various coal-fired power plants and related coal-fired industry industries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of resources and environment, in particular to a system and method for carbon dioxide and ammonia capture and low-temperature liquefaction in a coal-fired power plant. Background technique [0002] At present, the greenhouse effect is becoming more and more serious, and carbon dioxide is the main component of the greenhouse effect. How to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide has become an urgent problem to be solved. For my country, the annual emission of carbon dioxide has exceeded 10 billion tons, about half of which comes from the emissions of coal-fired power plants after combustion, and based on the fact that my country mainly uses thermal power generation, carbon dioxide will still grow at a relatively high rate before 2030 Continued growth. The direct emission of carbon dioxide produced by thermal power plants into the atmosphere can only aggravate the greenhouse effect and cause serious damage to the global c...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, many enterprises and institutions at home and abroad have started research on carbon dioxide collection technology. As of August 2018, there are 37 large-scale CCUS projects in the world, of which 22 projects are in operation or construction. There are some deficiencies, such as the carbon dioxide capture device DIRECT AIR CAPTURE manufactured by two Swiss engineers, Christopher and Woods Butcher. Although this device can capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, due to the low concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the efficiency of the device is low. low

Using MEA solution to absorb carbon dioxide is a relatively mature process for absorbing carbon dioxide at this stage, but because the MEA solution needs a high temperature of more than 110°C during analysis, it consumes a lot of energy, and the collected substances are in the gas phase, which is not conducive to storage and transportation.

However, the membrane separation method faces problems such as poor gas selectivity of the gas separation membrane and easy corrosion.

[0004] It can be seen that using the existing technology to capture carbon dioxide consumes a lot of energy, the efficiency is low, and the captured product is not easy to transport. In view of the problems faced and the existing technology, create a coal-fired power plant for capture and liquefaction method of emitting carbon dioxide has important practical significance

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